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仨驴：西部传奇，8264和越野e族（马踏飞燕）资深老且色驴，第七次自驾进藏，去年单人单车自驾西藏月余。 飞翔，强驴，户外领队。走狼C，登雀儿山、玉珠峰、哈巴雪山等。 胆小如虎，企图发烧的老驴，老，更多意指年岁。2005年曾与西部传奇、机器猫仨驴单车自驾西藏（https//bbs.8264.com/thread-1686646-1-1.html）。.单车：Jeep牧马人·罗宾汉。保险杠，轮胎，减震器，后排座等做了更换改装，加装了绞盘，强光灯。.路途：郑州——绵阳——康定——理塘——（格聂神山，冷谷寺）——巴塘——西藏左贡——洛隆——边坝——（若果冰川，金岭冰湖）——比如——那曲——拉萨——（羊卓雍错，普姆雍错）——洛扎——（库拉岗日雪山）——江孜——（多庆错，卓木拉日雪山）——亚东——定结——老定日——樟木——（希夏邦马峰东坡）——老定日——定日曲当乡——(珠峰东坡嘎玛沟大环线9日徒步) ——萨迦——日喀则——拉萨——林芝——波密——左贡——芒康——云南德钦——(梅里雪山，白马雪山) ——大理双廊——郑州。2014年8月21日出发，全程42天。.若果冰川，仨驴的凌晨。冰川一直盘桓着云雾，云雾之上透射出繁星的幽光。冰碛湖下泄河水流动的轰响，时而冰壁崩落的撞击声，一阵雪霰对帐篷的沙沙敲打，构成天籁夜曲的交响。金岭冰湖（炯普错）。 绝美山谷的辫状水系。 野性的张扬。藏族姑娘清澈纯净的天使笑容。参天古树。羊卓雍错总是逃避不了地惹人神醉。浩淼的普姆雍措。多庆错北侧的华美湿地。卓木拉日雪峰。牧归。 夕晖映照。古堡遗存。希夏邦马峰东坡。金色的珠穆朗卓若展翅冲天的雄鹰。在珠峰东坡仰望珠峰和洛子峰。措学仁玛的迷醉湖水。鲁朗林海。波密，云雾缭绕的山林。业拉山夕照。梅里雪山卡瓦格博峰。挥一挥衣袖，不带走洱海的一片云彩。第一天在郑州集结出发，由连霍高速经西安转京昆高速到四川绵阳。第二天经成都转318国道到康定。.看到此道路指示牌，遂决定探访二郎山老川藏路，并计划在山顶露营。驶上二郎山老川藏路，我顿时热泪盈眶。我父亲曾在张国华将军麾下的十八军五十四师一六二团任团参谋，挺进大西南时，参与了川藏（康藏）公路的修筑。那个时候出生的两个姐姐因此分别起名叫玉（豫）川、玉康。在我儿时，父亲就教会了我那首高亢激越的《歌唱二郎山》。由于已修建了二郎山隧道，老川藏盘山路基本无车通行。沿路偶见废弃的工棚和房舍，无人居住。山道已显得较窄，茂盛的植物几乎将个别路段郁闭，车辆勉强通过。雨水顺着山路流淌，溅起的水幕不时遮住前挡玻璃。老川藏路盘绕在二郎山的山际。向上行驶了半个多小时，山体塌方挡住去路，只得遗憾回返，留下的是无尽的缅怀。隧道虽然快捷方便，但失却了盘山道所给予的山顶风景。过了二郎山，继续往泸定、康定的方向进跋。夜之穿城而过的折多河，让《康定情歌》以更激情的方式宣泄。([
最新章节： 第521章 郑爽孟晚舟案或将终结 （ 2025-05-31 03:58:08）
更新时间： 2025-05-31 04:07:42
- 第1章 下一位前度
- 第2章 X1解散
- 第3章 雪鹰领主3
- 第4章 Without Me
- 第5章 光年之外王者荣耀
- 第6章 特朗普变身灭霸
- 第7章 德玛西亚杯
- 第8章 天津女排
- 第9章 支付宝年度账单
- 第10章 What If Love
- 第11章 一拳超人
- 第12章 迪丽热巴
- 第13章 迟到11年的奥运奖牌
- 第14章 杨紫
- 第15章 小镇颁布死亡禁令
- 第16章 梦幻西游
- 第17章 大明风华
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- 第19章 唐探3新预告
- 第20章 薪酬保密合理吗
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- 第549章 鼠年生肖邮票首发
- 第550章 微博之夜
- 第551章 大力神杯
- 第552章 喜羊羊与灰太狼
- 第553章 丰田张若昀
- 第554章 郭艾伦韩德君缺阵
- 第555章 新婚7天离奇失踪
- 第556章 亲爱的客栈
- 第557章 梦幻西游
- 第558章 非诚勿扰火影忍者
- 第559章 植物大战僵尸
- 第560章 韩酒店推宠物套房
- 第561章 魏大勋
- 第562章 何炅
- 第563章 半个喜剧
- 第564章 happier
- 第565章 奔跑吧兄弟
- 第566章 水浒传
- 第567章 全职高手5职业联赛
- 第568章 李沁
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卢宝云走进野性非洲——2013年7月肯尼亚野生动物游猎记行摄匆匆 小时候，深夜在线福利视频从书本上知道了大象、狮子和老虎，深夜在线福利视频对这些动物既喜欢又害怕，而去动物园看它们则是深夜在线福利视频童年时代共同的梦想。肯尼亚是世界上公认的观赏野生动物的最佳国度。在马赛马拉动物保护区，非洲五兽——非洲象、犀牛、野牛、狮子和猎豹随处可见；在博格利亚湖国家公园，红色的火烈鸟成群结队在蓝天碧水间翱翔；在安布塞利国家公园，海明威笔下的乞立马扎罗雪山映照着满地的如茵绿草。每年的7-9月份，东非大草原上数以百万计的野生动物开始了一年一度的大迁徙，成群结队的角马、斑马和羚羊由南部的坦桑尼亚向邻近的肯尼亚迁徙，场面甚为壮观。 2013年夏天，深夜在线福利视频终于踏上这片非洲热土，去肯尼亚看动物大迁徙。从某种意义上讲，这是去圆一个深夜在线福利视频儿时的梦。Safari一词源于肯尼亚的地方语言斯瓦西里语，是名词“旅游”的斯瓦西里语发音。19世纪中后期欧洲对非洲的大规模殖民入侵和开发过程中，遍布非洲草原的野生动物成为欧洲人感兴趣的目，以真枪狩猎为内容的非洲旅行成为欧洲人的选择。作为英国殖民地的肯尼亚，是欧洲人狩猎旅行最主要的目的地。于是，对这种旅行的定义借用了当地斯瓦西里语，被称为safari。丹麦女作家伊萨克226;迪内森的小说，后来被西德尼•波拉克拍成奥斯卡获奖电影的《走出非洲》，描写的就是那时的场景。随着野生动物保护观念的兴起，携带真枪的狩猎行为被大大限制了，照相机取代了真枪，safari成为特指到东非以观赏拍摄野生动物为目的的旅行的代名词，这个词也进入了英文字典。safari翻译成中文就是狩猎旅行或者游猎。 十来天的safari，从动物不太密集的地区一路旅行到野生动物集中的区域，这是一种非常特别的享受。这很像一曲好的音乐或者一部好的电影，以饶有兴味不紧不慢的序幕引入，逐渐推向高潮，戛然而止，让深夜在线福利视频兴奋不已、回味无穷！时间：2013年7月26日——8月6日线路：内罗毕(Nairobi)—马赛马拉(Maasai Mara)—奈瓦沙(Naivasha)—博格利亚(Bogoria)—甜水(Sweet Waters)—桑布鲁(Samburu)—内罗毕(Nairobi)队员：行摄匆匆、游民、相守、阿韦、有足道、天下网拳、岚轩主人、博士，Najia，洁玲，似水年华，葱花，眼镜蛇，夭夭。 游记分三个部分第一部分 图片集锦（第1页）一、动物成群二、大象起舞三、惊艳火烈鸟四、狮王争霸五、猎豹传奇六、长颈鹿漫步七、鸟儿飞翔八、斑马世界九、羚羊精灵十、百兽争春十一、马赛风情十二：儿童世界十三、桑布鲁参观十四：日出日落十五：马叉到底第二部分 详细攻略（第13页）https//bbs.8264.com/thread-1837088-13-1.html一、线路设计二、游猎公司的选择三、机票购买四、证办理五、健康黄皮书六、或有风险七、装备建议八、出入境九、肯尼亚简介十、肯尼亚旅游须知第三部分 游猎日记（第20页）https//bbs.8264.com/thread-1837088-20-1.htmlD17月26日，深圳——广州——曼谷——内罗毕1.1.第一次碰头会&饯行宴1.2.最快的一次打包1.3.备忘录1.4.机场大巴1.5.团队窗口1.6.功夫不负有心人(第21页）1.7.经停曼谷1.8.飞越印度洋1.9.谷歌地图失灵第一部分 图片集锦图片集锦之一：动物成群图片集锦之二：大象起舞图片集锦之三：惊艳火烈鸟图片集锦之四：狮王争霸图片集锦之五：猎豹传奇图片集锦之六：长颈鹿漫步图片集锦之七：鸟儿飞翔图片集锦之八：斑马世界图片集锦之九：羚羊精灵图片集锦之十：百兽争春图片集锦之十一：马赛风情图片集锦之十二：儿童世界图片集锦之十三：桑布鲁参观图片集锦之十四：日出日落图片集锦之十五：马叉到底第二部分 肯尼亚游猎攻略一、线路设计 刚开始深夜在线福利视频的计划是两周17天的游猎时间，景点包括肯尼亚6大国家公园：安博塞利、马赛马拉、纳库鲁湖、博格里亚湖、阿布戴尔和桑布鲁。这个行程的经济团报价都在2500美金以上。为了降低成本，我们去掉了性价比不高的安博塞利、阿布戴尔和纳库鲁湖，增加了相对便宜的甜水自然保护区和纳瓦沙，时间也从17天压缩到11天，费用则从2500美金降低到1600美金。如果还想顺道去登非洲最高峰乞力马扎罗（5892米）的话，那么只需再多花7天时间和1000美金即可。以下是我们最终行程计划：D1：7月26日，广州—内罗毕肯尼亚航空21：35广州起飞，第二天肯尼亚时间6：05到达内罗毕（大约北京时间11点），飞行时间约14小时。住：飞机上吃：XXXD2：7月27日，内罗毕—马赛马拉车程：270公里，约5.5小时，经停东非大裂谷东部观景点。Game Drive：16：00～18：30住：Mara Impala Camp吃：XLDD3：7月28日，马赛马拉全天Game Drive：08：00～16：00，中午在马拉河边西式盒餐。住：Mara Impala Camp吃：BLDD4：7月29日， 马赛马拉全天Game Drive：08：00～16：00，中午在马拉河边西式盒餐，下午去马赛村参观。住：Mara Impala Camp吃：BLDD5：7月30日，马赛马拉—纳瓦沙—纳库鲁车程：340公里，约6小时，Morning Game Drive：06：30～08：30，返回酒店早餐，之后驱车前往纳瓦沙湖，在镇上午餐，下午乘船游纳瓦沙湖（1小时）。游完纳瓦沙湖后前往纳库鲁，从纳瓦沙到纳库鲁，约100公里，1.5小时的车程。住：Geneview Hotel吃：BLDD6：7月31日，纳库鲁—博戈里亚—纳库鲁车程：130公里，约2小时，中途经停赤道。早起5点出发前往博戈里亚湖，到了博戈里亚湖后进入湖区观赏火烈鸟，中午返回纳库鲁，下午纳库鲁镇游玩。住：Geneview Hotel吃：BLDD7：8月1日，纳库鲁—甜水—纳纽基全程：约200公里，约4小时抵达纳纽基，入住Simba’s Hotel，中午甜水保护区（Sweet Water Tend Camp）午餐。纳纽基到甜水大约20分钟车程。Game Drive：16：00～18：30住：Simba’s Hotel吃：BLDD8：8月2日，纳纽基—桑布鲁车程：130公里，约2.5小时。Game Drive：16：00～18：30住：Samburu Sopa Lodge吃：BLDD9：8月3日， 桑布鲁早上一次Game Drive：06：30～08：30，返回酒店早餐，其余时间休息，中午在酒店内午餐，傍晚一次Game Drive：16：00～18：30，中午桑布鲁村参观。 住：Samburu Sopa Lodge吃：BLDD10：8月4日，桑布鲁—内罗毕车程：360公里，约7小时。沿途购物点购物，中午内罗毕午餐，下午内罗毕市内游玩、购物，晚上内罗毕国际机场肯尼亚航空KQ886航班23：35（当地时间）起飞。住：飞机上吃：BXXD11：8与5日，内罗毕—广州19：05到达广州。注：餐食中，B－早餐、L－午餐、D－晚餐、X－自理报价：4人车，每人1660美金，6人车每人1560美金。附：初始17天游猎计划D1：7月26日，广州—内罗毕，住宿：飞机上D2：7月27日，早上6：05到达内罗毕机场。内罗毕—安博塞利，住宿：安博塞利。D3：7月28日，安博塞利，住宿：安博塞利D4：7月29日，安博塞利—内罗毕，住宿：内罗毕D5：7月30日，内罗毕—马赛马拉，住宿：马赛马拉D6：7月31日，马赛马拉，住宿：马赛马拉D7：8月1日，马赛马拉，住宿：马赛马拉D8：8月2日，马赛马拉，住宿：马赛马拉D9：8月3日，马赛马拉—马赛村，住宿：Narok镇D10：8月4日，Narok镇—纳库鲁湖，住宿：纳库鲁湖D11：8月5日，纳库鲁湖—博格里亚湖，住宿：博格里亚湖D12：8月6日，博格里亚湖—阿布戴尔，住宿：阿布戴尔D13：8月7日，阿布戴尔—桑布鲁，住宿：桑布鲁D14：8月8日，桑布鲁，住宿：桑布鲁D15：8月9日，桑布鲁—内罗毕，住宿：内罗毕D16：8月10日，内罗毕一日游，晚上23：35飞机离开。住宿：飞机上D17：8月11日，内罗毕—广州，19：05抵达广州二、游猎公司的选择 经过对网上中国驴友推荐的几家游猎公司和LP上推荐的几家游猎公司的信息进行整理和分析，我们挑选出6家以做经济型游猎为主的公司进行了邮件联系，及时回复的的有以下几家：1、KIBO SLOPES SAFARIS LTDHEAD OFFICE - NGONG RD, BOX 58064, 00200 NRB, KenyaTel+254 - 020-2139981 | 020- 2633217 - Cell+254 - 0-719 381 519Email Expeditions@kiboslopessafaris.com，kibo@nbnet.co.ke，info@kiboslopessafaris.com。 Webwww.KiboSlopesSafaris.Com2、Wildness Discovery Safari Limited（野外发现）联系人：汤麟，电话：000254-713146553，QQ：445943489，邮箱：445943489@qq.com，mr.gracefulkirin@gmail.comddress Rehema house, 3rd Floor Standard Street, P.O. Box 69513, Nairobi, KenyaTel00254-20-2213186Fax00254-20-2213254Web https//www.wildnessdiscovery.com 3、Safari Seekers Kenya Limited P.O.Box 9165 00300,Ronald Ngala Street,Nairobi,Kenya Tel 020 2038071/020 2498512,cell 0771580935Emailzul@safari-seekerskenya.comWebwww.safari-seekerskenya.com4、Savuka Tours & SafarisTel 254-20-2182440,8078681Mobile 254-722415643,254-770495160Emailsavuka@nbnet.co.ke，savuka@jambo.co.ke，savuka09@gmail.comBOX No 20433,00100 NRB,KenyaLoc Kileleshwa,RingRoad WestWebsite www.savukasafaris.com，www.savuka-travels.com可能是语言障碍，跟几家公司的英文邮件沟通并不顺畅，对一些我所关心的细节问，他们往往答非所问。就在此时，汤麟出现在我的视野之中。之前我并没有打算找中国人做地接，但也许是各种机缘巧合，深夜在线福利视频最终还是选择了汤麟和他的野外发现游猎公司，主要原因有三：一是中国驴友网上评价较好；二是他曾在深圳工作，家住深圳，刚好深夜在线福利视频有机会深圳面谈；三是他对肯尼亚游猎非常熟悉，也很专业，深夜在线福利视频一拍即合。汤麟和他的野外发现公司([]
igao为爱搞点事情在线
黄琬婷此篇文章入围 2011 Gregory美国户外寻根之旅 ,欢迎大家观赏！老山羊独身走越南 ——感受浴火凤凰的那一份祥和、安宁与美丽特别说明 各位朋友：因为论坛不断改版，原来的照片都不显示了，本来想重新上传，可原来每层楼有多张照片，现在每层楼只允许上传三张，所以没办法补足。从下一页开始，已经看不到照片。为了让喜欢我游记的朋友能够继续欣赏，我已经把原帖压缩成压缩文件上传到百度网盘中，只要下载后解压缩就可以在自己的电脑上慢慢欣赏。下载地址是：https//pan.baidu.com/s/1VT30tecjywXoKvYWHa0tag提取码：YNYJ 越南，如同一个远离尘嚣、背负巨大历史创痛的妇人，表情宁静贤淑，眉梢眼角流淌着淡淡的忧伤，举手投足间，却又不失曾经沧海的风情。越南是看风景的天堂，在它长长的“S”形国土上，随着纬度的变化，历历呈现迥然各异的个性与风韵。这里的人民质朴热情，这里的物产丰饶，曾经饱经战火的越南以其独到而内敛的魅力，重又脱胎换骨，成为今天的传奇。 ——8264tigerson-虎崽 一直想去越南看看，首先是因为深夜在线福利视频这个年龄的人或许都有着某种难以言说的越南情结：我出生时，越南刚刚赶走了法国殖民者，我刚刚懂事，美国就发动了全面的侵越战争，在我最初的记忆中：当时的越南领导人胡志明和中国领导人毛-泽-东、周恩来就是铁哥们，而当时两个国家的关系那是比铁哥们还要铁。 按照毛-泽-东***的指示：七亿中国人民是越南人民的坚强后盾，辽阔的中国领土是越南人民的可靠后方。援越抗美成为中国人民政治生活中的重要事情。报纸上、电台中天天充斥着这个国家的战争消息。深夜在线福利视频每个人都仿佛感受到，就是深夜在线福利视频自己的亲生兄弟姐妹在那一片狭长的国土上与侵略者在进行着殊死搏斗。中国人民宁可自己饿着肚子也要支援越南人民的抗美斗争。 后来，亲如兄弟的胡志明、周恩来、毛-泽-东先后去世，在此期间，美国撤出了越南，中美关系开始正常化，越南统一……，没过几年，中越交恶，两个昔日亲如兄弟的**国家开始刀戎相见。一场有限战争断断续续打了十年。然后不打了，又开始和好，边关重新开放，互市贸易，边境清雷，很多中国人开始越过友谊关去探访那个不知道应当看成是朋友还是敌人的国家，看看这个长期关注的国家在经历百年战火后变成了什么样子——这些人中就有我的哥哥。 我哥哥上世纪90年代曾经两次去越南，他多次和我谈及在越南的所见所闻：下龙湾美丽的风光；河内漂亮的法国建筑，柔弱似水、坚韧如钢的越南姑娘，和中越两国两千年来剪不断，理还乱的复杂关系。 所有这些，都让我对这个邻国一直保持浓厚的兴趣。我早就想找机会踏上这一方国土，去亲眼看一看这个谜一样的国家。但一直到今年，这个愿望才得以实现。 今年的十一长假前后，我在越南呆了18天，从北到南，又从南到北，在下龙湾、顺化、会安、芽庄、大呖、美奈、西贡和河内都做了停留，亲身感受了这个经历了上世纪最长期最残酷战火硝烟的国家的浴火重生，亲自体验了那些历尽劫难后的人民的坚韧、善良和新生的年轻一代的美丽与热情，亲眼目睹了那一方热土上遍及城乡的美丽建筑和热带风情。所有这一切。都给我留下了极其深刻的印象。 这次出国旅游也颇有些小小的波折，一开始证日期就出了问，进入越南后在下龙湾就被宰了一刀，后来在去芽庄的车上和在西贡又两次被偷——真是有些祸不单行。不过我此行总体还是比较幸运：不仅一路上得到了许多人的热情帮助，而且老天爷也十分关照：在18天里，在尚在雨季的越南，我既没有遭受南亚的酷热，也几乎没有遭到恶劣的风雨天气，特别幸运的是在越南中部，我与在菲律宾、越南和老挝造成数百人死亡的强台风“凯萨娜”擦肩而过，幸运地躲过了一劫。 下面就把此次的经历向大家关心我的朋友们和广大驴友作详细汇报。 有位网名“流浪笨猪”的网友说到：一直很欣赏“读万卷书，行万里路”这句话，个人觉得行万里路更重要一些。如果你总在温暖的家里死读书，怎么能想像的出“野云万里无城郭，雨雪纷纷连大漠”是什么样子；“明月松间照，清泉石上流”是什么意境；“瀚海阑干百丈冰，愁云惨淡万里凝”是个什么景象。……要了解当地的民生和风土人情，就必须深入到民间去，在酒店和高级饭店里是看不见的。当然，有了丰富的知识储备，在旅行当中就是如虎添翼了。 对于“流浪笨猪”的观点，我相当赞成。过去，我曾经喜欢“读万卷书”，如今更喜欢“行万里路”。我特别喜欢那种在路上的感觉。近年来，我每年都要出一趟远门去旅游，今年，我把自己的远行目定在了越南。 8月初，我把自己的护照邮给在南宁的朋友小梁，请他在越南驻南宁领事馆替我办30天的旅游证。时间是从9月21日到10月20日。 现在，办越南的旅游证很方便，北京的越南大使馆和其驻广州和南宁的领事馆都可以办理。他们甚至为外地人提供了一种十分方便的成人深夜福利视频，只要在网上下载相关表格填好，将表格、照片和有效期6个月以上的护照及相关费用寄过去，他们就可以在几个工作日后将好的护照通过快递邮寄给你。按说，有了这种成人深夜福利视频，根本没必要再麻烦朋友。 可是，我从网友的经历中了解到：越南人办事经常马马虎虎，错日期、忘了盖章的事情时有发生，尽管这类事情的发生似乎是难以置信，但确实有人遇到了这样匪夷所思的事情。我不想自己摊上这样的倒楣事而耽误行程，所以宁可麻烦朋友，以求万一有问，能及时补救。好在我去越南会路过南宁，可以去朋友那里取好的护照。 尽管这种做法只是为了预防万一，这个万一还真的落到了我的头上。月底的时候，朋友来电话，跟我说，证下来了，但日期却成了9月1日到9月底，问我是否能提前出发？我告诉他，不行，我只能按原计划9月22日入境，9月底我不可能离开越南，必须改。打完电话，我心里暗骂越南领事馆办证的那个混蛋：不知道他那天吃错了哪味药，我证表上用黑体字打的那么清晰的日期他竟然能够看错。虽然朋友后来告诉我他找领事馆重新做了证。我还是很憋气，去越南一开始就出师不利，开门不顺。 虽然过去对越南多少有一些了解，可对于旅行来说，我的那一点点了解还仅仅是个皮毛。为了准备好这次的越南旅行，我认真看了许多网友的游记和网上的资料，突击学了几句越南话，还专门买了中国旅游出版社出版的《走遍全球》丛书中的《越南》。用过之后，我觉得这是一本很不错的旅游参考书，可算是一本背包族的旅行宝典，里面的内容很全面很详细又实用，不仅有对越南各旅游城市的景点介绍、旅游地图，还有不同档次的旅馆和美食及购物介绍。非常方便。 在经过了三个月的酝酿之后，9月18日，我踏上了前往越南的旅程。9月18日 沈阳出发，坐最便宜的车去济南 我的每一次旅行几乎都是从一张火车票开始的。我喜欢坐火车旅行，因为飞机虽然快捷方便，但那种点对点的空中飞跃总让我感到似乎缺少了某些环节。坐火车旅行可以让你更真实地感受，你的旅程是怎样一点点延伸，从你自己的城市最终到达目的地的。 我一向认为，旅游的魅力，不仅仅是体现在那些旅游地的风光景物中，更包含在整个过程的所有体验中，只要你有兴趣关注，你会发现很多有趣的事情。 18日晚上下班后，我回到家里，吃过晚饭，背起早已准备好的大包去沈阳北站。我要乘坐19点42分的火车先去济南，这趟车是从延吉开往青岛的1256次列车，因为在沈阳只是路过，所以没有买到卧铺票，其实这趟车在沈阳也不是没有卧铺，只是都让票贩子从后门倒走了。 一上车，好家伙，人山人海。车门口挤都挤不上去。看来大家都喜欢坐便宜车。 好不容易上了车，等开了车，我才开始一点点向车厢中间自己的座位移动，因为人太多，过道都被大包小包塞的满满的，移动每一步都十分费劲。好半天，我才移动到自己的57号座位坐下来。 原来上车前我还想，等上车后如果可能可以补一张卧铺票，这下子连动都不能动，想坐卧铺，看来根本没有希望了。没有卧铺，那就坐硬座，好在还有座号。坐一宿硬座也没什么了不起。我喜欢这种有刺激性的节目。过去读研究生时，因为很难买到卧铺，所以从沈阳和哈尔滨之间往返我总是乘坐硬板，有时候连座位都没有，不也是都挺过来了。还记得有一次从沈阳回哈尔滨，因为买的是无座票，人又很多，上车后挤在车厢里，动都不能动，脚下连两只脚都放不下，常常只能金鸡独立地一条腿着地，刚好因为急于上车，憋了一泡尿，原来想上车后再去厕所，这下子也甭想了。就这样一直站了近5个小时，到了长春，下了许多人，车厢才松快下来，赶快找个座坐下来，开车后又急忙去了趟厕所，一切方才OK。和那时比，现在有座坐，已经很不错了。 虽然现在年龄大了，和年轻时比不了，可偶尔熬夜坐一次硬板，我就觉得自己还像当年一样年轻和充满活力。 这趟车是沈阳到济南最便宜的一趟火车，硬座只要68元。省下钱正好到济南买烧鸡。 对面的一个穿白衣服的小女孩儿，是沈阳人，现在在山东大学读研究生，她毕业后工作了一年，然后又去读的研究生。关于毕业后去向，从工作自身考虑，她希望毕业留校当老师，而且山东大学本身也是很不错的的大学。可她不喜欢济南，觉得没有沈阳好，作为父母的独生女儿，她父母也希望她回沈阳工作。所以她很矛盾。这孩子长的娇小玲珑，很有亲和力，沟通能力很强，不一会儿就和同座的另外两个女孩子打得火热。 坐在白衣女孩旁边的是一个穿蓝衣服的小女孩儿，她也很有意思，其经历富有传奇色彩。她本来小学初中学习都很好，一直是班干部，还当过学习委员，可上初中时，迷上了乐器，再也不愿意读书，后来学拉二胡。初中没毕业十六七岁就下了海，跟着草台班子四处演出，在草台班子里，迷上了一个比她大7岁的吹萨克斯管的小帅哥，两个人开始谈恋爱，一谈就是6年，后来准备结婚。两个人经过多年打拼，很攒了一些钱，买了一套新房子，本来还准备买一辆汽车，可今年年初家在铁岭农村的老婆婆遇上了车祸，受了伤，她和男友回铁岭照顾受伤的婆婆，拿了很多钱给老婆婆治疗，老婆婆身体恢复后，他们俩又拿钱出来帮老婆婆翻盖了新房，这样孝顺懂事的儿媳妇真的是很难得，周围邻居们都夸老婆婆有福，老婆婆也非常得意。 现在是一切安排就绪，两个人方才离开铁岭。这女孩子年龄刚刚二十三岁，是典型的80后，看着她那样成熟，那样自信，那样孝顺，年纪轻轻就已经打拼出自己的一方事业天地和生存空间，我真是感到由衷地敬佩。联想到许许多多她的同龄人和一些年龄大她几岁的80后还在读书，还在为工作苦恼，还在靠老啃老，我真是感慨系之。 这女孩儿和我说，她的亲属中的哥哥姐姐们学习都很好，很多人都上了大学，春节回家时听他们讲述大学里丰富多彩的学习生活，她有时真的很羡慕。我和她说，其实真正值得羡慕的是她自己，能在这个年龄就自强自立，有如此丰富的人生阅历，这是更重要更宝贵的。23岁的孩子已经成熟自立，而她的同龄人还在依赖父母，这就是差距。人总是对没得到的东西更向往，其实，你向往的东西不一定是你真正需要的东西。 在她旁边穿豹皮花衣服的女孩儿是个90后，只有十七八岁，却长得人高马大。她打扮的有些轻浮，穿着超短裙，透明黑丝袜，带了很多假首饰，每个指甲都做了彩绘，一头染黄的的头发她说是花300多元一绺绺接起来的，初一看像个风尘女郎。不过一开口说话还是显露出一个十几岁女孩的单纯天真。 她家本来是甘肃那边，现在在青岛读书，是青岛一所大学的大二学生，人家给他介绍了一个在沈阳当兵的男朋友，这次是千里迢迢来会情郎。虽然甘肃是个贫困地区，可她家的情况似乎不错，所以这个女孩儿属于现在所说的那种”败家一族”，很善于花钱败家。和她同座的那个立事的女孩儿正好是相反的类型。不过听她的谈唠，这女孩儿人很善良，品质也不错。她身边的朋友都不看好他和沈阳当兵的这一段恋情，她却很认真。这次去看男朋友，彼此都很满意，临别时，男孩儿给她买了一大堆吃的东西，还把她送到车上。谈起对爱情的态度，与现在90后对很多事情不以为然的态度相反，她把爱情和承诺看得很重，表示既然有缘分到了一起，无论有什么困难坎坷和磨难都应当忠贞不渝，这种态度让我对这个看起来很轻浮的小女孩儿不由得刮目相看。9月19日 济南一日游 上午10点，火车顺利到达济南东站。济南正在下牛毛细雨。 在济南东站，我顺利地买到了当天晚上从青岛开来直达南宁的1336次的卧铺票。 车票到手，心里踏实。 现在是上午10点20分，火车晚上10点21分开，我在济南可以停留12个小时。 济南这个城市我在1980年暑期来过，那一次是去南京参加暑期培训班，路过济南市，我中途下车，匆匆在这个著名的泉城游览了一番，先后去了千佛山、大明湖和趵突泉。本来还想去博物馆看看，但那天是星期天，博物馆不开馆，就没去成。 这次来到泉城，第一站就是去山东省博物馆。 乘公共汽车来到博物馆，领了张票，正好11点，我要存包，博物馆的工作人员说中午他们休息，没人看包。所以我只好背着大包游览。 省博内容不是很多，展示方式也很单一，很令人失望。 博物馆本来应当是最吸引人的地方，可很奇怪，中国的很多省级博物馆——包括深夜在线福利视频辽宁的博物馆，让人看起来都是兴味索然。 没办法，商品社会，人们更关注那些可以创利的地方，文化建设这玩意儿，不当吃，不当喝，光投入，不产出，没有人有兴趣大规模投入和建设。 但对一个民族，一个国家，文化的影响其实是最为深远，最为悠久的东西。不知道深夜在线福利视频的城市管理者，什么时候才能有精力和兴趣在这些方面花一点心思，多一点投入。 看完了博物馆，在路边买了几个馒头，一面吃，一面看街景。 改革开放和经济发展给城市建设注入了活力，一座座高楼大厦拔地而起，所有省会城市大楼都是鳞次栉比，一个比一个高大宏伟，一个比一个豪华奢侈。 转了一会儿，我走进一个小巷里寻找家庭旅馆，虽然我今天不在济南停留，但昨天在车上没休息好，今天得找个钟点房休息一下。 济南的家庭旅馆很怪，条件很一般，却每晚要30元钱，休息一下要20元，无论如何不降价，走了几家都是如此，我也没兴趣再理论，在一家睡了两个小时，感觉好多了。 然后，把背包寄存到旅馆，出来继续逛泉城。 从旅馆的小巷出来就是泉城广场，泉城广场被称为济南市的“城市客厅”。很大很气派也很漂亮，据说是当年在山东任省委书记的吴官正倡导修建的。 不过我此时不想逛广场，我准备晚上再来这里慢慢观赏。 我感兴趣的是附近的舜井，这是泉城著名的七十二泉中的一个，据说很有点传奇色彩。 舜井所在的舜井街在泉城广场的东面，我来到广场的东侧，这里有一个大型的文化长廊，长廊内设有大舜、管仲、孔丘、孙武、墨翟、孟轲、诸葛亮、王羲之、贾思勰、李清照、戚继光、蒲松龄等12位山东名人的塑像。 齐鲁大地是中华文明昌盛之地，山东有这些文化名人撑腰，底气当然壮的很。 跨过广场东侧老城护城河上的一座漂亮的小桥，找到了舜井街，这里已经是一片瓦砾。在大楼环绕的一大片瓦砾中，我看到了古舜井和孤零零立在一边的舜井碑。 舜井有一个古老的传说：据古籍记载，大舜幼年时丧母，后母对他十分不好，自己生了儿子后就老想害死他。一次，后母和这个弟弟骗大舜到井下去淘井，然后落井下石，大舜幸得井下溶洞逃出，也因此发掘出一处甘泉，从此人称此井为舜井。 历史上舜井名气很大，曾列为金、明、清三代七十二名泉。有欧阳修作《舜泉诗》，苏轼书写立碑。曾巩赞曰：“山麓归耕谜故垄，井干余汲见飞泉。清涵广陌能成雨，冷侵平湖别有天。南狩一时成往事，重华千古似当年。更应此水无休歇，余泽人间世世传。” 舜井的井口一直挂着一条铁链，寓意“舜井锁蛟”。关于“舜井锁蛟”，也有一段古老传说。 相传大舜时代东海有一条“黑蛟”，名叫巫支祁。它朝思慕想要当天下首领，多次找舜提出要求被舜严厉拒绝。舜选大禹为首领。巫支祁怀恨在心，要报复舜，除掉禹。舜去世后，巫支祁全力以禹为敌。他令东海鱼鳖一起出动发大水，淹没村庄、淹没历山。大禹带领百姓日夜治水，曾三过家门而不入。他把无家可归的百姓转移到泰山、兴隆山、龙洞山上。大禹怀揣照妖镜，身带定海针，手挽降魔铁索，乘木伐在风浪中与巫支祁搏斗，他抛出降魔铁索，终于降伏了巫支祁，他把巫支祁锁在舜井里。巫支祁不甘心，瞪着两只怪眼问：“什么时候放我出来？”禹说：“等到铁树开花。” 过了若干年代，南山有一壮汉，砍了一担柴，挑到济南来卖，顺便到舜井看“黑蛟”。他不等放下柴担，就急忙往井里瞅，哪知这一瞅坏事了，猛听得“轰隆隆”、“哗啦啦”一阵响，一条“大黑蛟”从井里飞出，摇头摆尾直向东海飞去。 巫支祁怎么会跑呢？原来这个壮汉挑柴的扁担两头包着铁皮，砍的柴上，不光带有青青的叶子，还带着各种颜色的鲜花，巫支祁一看，认为是“铁树开花了”便挣断铁索飞出井外，逃回了东海。从此人们只看见舜井里有条铁索，却再也看不见“黑蛟”的踪影。 看过舜井，走出这片动迁场地。场地北面，就是省人大，著名的珍珠泉就在省人大院内。 我上次来济南，因为珍珠泉正在疏浚，没有看到，这次终于看到了。 这是一片很大的湖面，里面有很多锦鲤在游弋。岸边垂柳亭榭，确实很漂亮。可珍珠泉水汩汩涌出，气泡似珍珠的景象却没有看到。珍珠泉——已经名不副实。不过总算看到了。 从后门出省人大，转入曲水亭街，这是济南老城的著名古街。 老城街道自有其古色古韵，不过显得荒落破败。这些电线更煞风景。 拐角处有一个小摊，写着“济南名吃：欧阳油xuan”，看起来似乎不错，其实就是油饼，但做法有些特殊，以油和面，拉成条，裹入韭菜馅，团成剂子，擀成饼，先煎后烤。出炉后焦黄酥脆，香气扑鼻。 不过我现在不太饿，就继续前行。 小街尽头，就是泉城名胜大明湖，这里我30年前第一次来济南时游历过，“四面荷花三面柳，一城山色半城湖”的景象为我留下的印象颇深。 今天时间有限，我顾不上进去重游，就返身来到济南的小吃一条街——芙蓉街。 首先映入眼帘的是文庙，正在大规模重修。 芙蓉街因芙蓉泉而得名。济南网友风铃草这样介绍这条街和这个泉： 城中有条市井味道浓浓的老街,似乎让人能触摸到城市温厚的脉搏。行走于芙蓉街，便有种回归的温馨。即使我没有生于斯长于斯，但置其中，我这个“移民”同样感受到古朴的市井滋味所散发出的温情与生机。 芙蓉街是济南惟一一条明末清初时期形成的古商业街，它因街内有一芙蓉泉而得名。老街傍着繁华的泉城路，每每看了泉（街北有王府池子、大明湖；西有五龙潭、趵突泉；东有黑虎泉），逛了街，我总爱到这来享受美食，感受老街的风味。 还是风铃草这样写道： 老街因泉而得名，逛老街不看泉就少了感觉。 芙蓉泉位于芙蓉街69号居民院内，块石砌方尺，长10米，宽5米，深3米，池中间横跨一石桥，池北测立花岗石栏杆。清代诗人董芸曾寄居于此，并赋《芙蓉泉寓舍》诗云：老屋苍苔半亩居，石梁浮动上游鱼。一池新绿芙蓉水，矮几花阴坐著书。 可惜昔日的情景已无了，令人惜惋！ 在芙蓉街街口有一组雕塑，是根据刘鹗《老残游记》里的第二回：“历山山下古帝遗踪，明湖湖边美人绝唱”里的那个精彩的画面设计的。 刘鹗可算是文字大师，硬是用一段普通的文字把著名的梨花大鼓艺人王小玉那高超的唱法绝技描绘的入木三分，惟妙惟肖，声情并茂。那段描写堪与白居易《琵琶行》中对琵琶女弹琴的描述相媲美。那段文字是这样写的： “王小玉便启朱唇，发皓齿，唱了几句书儿。声音初不甚大，只觉入耳有说不出来的妙境：五脏六腑里，像熨斗熨过，无一处不伏贴；三万六千个毛孔，像吃了人参果，无一个毛孔不畅快。唱了十数句之后，渐渐的越唱越高，忽然拔了一个尖儿，像一线钢丝抛入天际，不禁暗暗叫绝。 哪知她于那极高的地方，尚能回环转折。几转之后，又高一层，接连有三四叠，节节高起。恍如由傲来峰西面攀登泰山的景象：初看傲来峰削壁干仞，以为上与天通；及至翻到傲来峰顶，才见扇子崖更在傲来峰上；及至翻到扇子崖，又见南天门更在扇子崖上：愈翻愈险，愈险愈奇。那王小玉唱到极高的三四叠后，陡然一落，又极力骋其千回百折的精神，如一条飞蛇在黄山三十六峰半中腰里盘旋穿插。顷刻之间，周匝数遍。从此以后，愈唱愈低，愈低愈细，那声音渐渐的就听不见了 … …” 据介绍：梨花大鼓也称山东大鼓，它风格朴实，富有浓郁的乡土气息；曲调高昂，说、唱、道、白兼备；叙事抒情交融。传统书目很多，其中尤以说为主、唱为辅的中长篇见长。现流行的有《包公案》、《海公案》、《西厢记》等。在山东，又因刘鹗的精彩描述使这一民间唱法得以传扬。 济南正在筹办全运会，到处都在建设改造。不过粗粗看过来，济南整体给我的印象很失望，这样一个文化底蕴深厚的城市，文化色彩似乎不是很浓。而且城市建设也不够大气，凌乱，落后，杂乱无章，传统建筑和现代建筑混合在一起，缺少现代化都市的气派。而且，老建筑保存的不多，许多所谓的老建筑也都是新建的，缺少原来的古风古韵，新建筑和老建筑搭配的也不协调，感觉很差。 想起了诗圣杜甫在《陪李北海宴历下亭》中留下的”海右此亭古，济南名士多”的诗句，，不知道历下亭是否还屹立在大明湖中，但济南的名士们此时不知道都哪里去了。 晚上没事，回到泉城广场，一面欣赏广场夜色，一面就着鸡大腿喝啤酒，享受幸福的旅游生活。 晚上9点，我背起背包去火车站，在车站，又买了一只德州扒鸡和一瓶崂山啤酒。然后上车，奔赴南宁。9月20日 去南宁的火车上 天亮了，火车到达安徽阜阳，外面的景物没什么新奇，倒是车厢里的小胖小子非常活泼可爱，让人喜欢。 10点半左右，车过湖北黄州，这里是著名的黄冈中学所在地。这所百年老校有着深厚的历史积淀和文化底蕴，更以其奇高的高考升学率名闻天下。 出黄州站，铁路两旁，栽种了许多柳桃，柳桃花开的正艳，花红柳绿，煞是好看。 中午到了，享受我美妙的午餐——崂山啤酒和德州扒鸡。 山东德州扒鸡是三百年来历代相传的老品牌，在中国人眼里，它可以和“沟帮子烧鸡”“符离集烧鸡”“道口烧鸡”合称为中国的四大名鸡。 因为古城德州在历史上是京杭大运河的重要码头，素有“九达通衢，神京门户”之誉。来往的商人行旅经过德州，必然要品尝这独特风味的德州扒鸡，方便时更带上几只作为礼品赠送，乾隆年间，德州扒鸡更被列为山东贡品送入宫中供帝后及皇族们享用。从而使德州扒鸡名噪天下。 我所购买的这只五香脱骨扒鸡，按上面的介绍，最早创产于禹城，因其工艺独特、用料考究、肉烂脱骨、营养丰富等特点而远近闻名。 这上面还有一段有趣的记载，说是最早制作扒鸡的王明奎，祖辈皆以煮鸡为生，他家把杀好的鸡两腿交叉别入膛内，把两翅膀从鸡脖的刀口插入，让翅尖从嘴的两侧伸出，然后放上常用的佐料，曰“扒鸡”。后来，为招揽生意，他请一名老中医开了丁香、桂皮、花椒、大料、小茴香等5味调味品，煮出的扒鸡，大开胃口，那时叫作“五香扒鸡”。 有一年秋季的一天傍晚，他把20多只鸡煮在锅里，灶中多加劈柴，燃起火就去歇息，由于劳累，醒来时天已大亮，炖时大过，锅里的鸡塌了下去，一提鸡腿，骨肉分离。他哭笑不得，只好用铁笊篱小心地把鸡捞到篮子里提到县城去卖，并将煮烂的鸡取名叫“五香脱骨扒鸡”。在县衙门口叫喊了几声后，“脱骨”二字便引起众人注意，霎时间招来了许多食客。20多只鸡被一抢而光。 从此，他家煮鸡都长时间炖煮，直至脱骨，形成了独特的制作工艺。因此，禹城五香脱骨扒鸡便名声大振，南北驰名。 吃饭的功夫，火车走过长长的九江长江大桥，从湖北进入了江西。 九江是座历史名城，有许多重大事件在这里发生。这里有当年周瑜操练水兵的点将台，有当年宋江反诗的浔阳楼，有白居易任江州司马写下《琵琶行》的琵琶亭…… 城南的庐山和鄱阳湖，在近代史上更是发生了许许多多影响历史进程的重大事件，八一南昌起义曾在这里酝酿，蒋介石的抗战宣言曾在这里发布，1959年彭德怀和整个中国的命运在这里发生转折，还有1970年***和林彪的分裂在这里公开……太多太多。 1998年我第一次来到这里，就深深感受到历史的沉重。 九江站现在是个大工地，到处开肠破肚，估计建设完工后会非常漂亮。 这时我收到济南朋友的短信，说我非常幸运，因为就在我昨天游览完济南之后，今天的济南就是大雨瓢泼，水倾如注。我的确是非常幸运。每次出来玩时都是很幸运，希望这次好运也伴随着我。 过了九江，很快车到南昌，停车时，我走上站台放松，一股热浪扑面而来，真是到了南国了，空气湿热，足有30几度。这下子减肥有条件了。 南昌下一站是向塘，这里有一所江西服装学院，楼顶的大字向全世界宣示：这里是一所中国特色大学。这所1991年才建立的学校随着近20年来中国服装也的兴起，竟然成为一所非常受欢迎的学院，其学生专业性强，就业率高，甚至出了几位年薪数十万的高级技术人员，成为独特的中国现象。 很多人把坐火车长途旅行当作一件很遭罪的事情，但对我来说，这却是一种美好的享受。 窗外，是百看不厌的风景。9月21日 广西境内 早上9点半，车到桂林，我曾3次来这里，1990年暑期，更在桂林城南的市委党校呆了7-8天，桂林确实是一个美丽的地方，有机会我希望再来这里。 车到柳州，已经是下午1点多，古人希望“生在扬州，死在柳州”。“生在扬州”，是因为扬州自古是一个繁华的大城市，但清朝入关后曾在扬州屠城十日，使城市人口锐减，所以扬州人很注意小孩的保育。因此出生在扬州，童年时代是很幸福的。而“死在柳州”，则是因为柳州棺材质优工巧、饮誉全国，所以死后能得一付柳州棺材下葬自然心满意足。 在这里，棺材不仅不是不祥之物，反而因其与“官”“财”谐音而备受推崇。出门遇到抬棺材出殡不但不觉得晦气，反而认为是升官发财的预兆，用当地优质木头制作的方寸大小的小棺材甚至会被当成礼品赠送。这也是一个很奇特的风俗。 过了柳州，路边开始出现广西特有的奇特的喀斯特地貌，风景越发秀丽。 晚上5点，火车到达南宁，出站口竟然没人收票。 我走出车站，和我的朋友小梁联系，不巧，他的父亲昨天去世了，现在正在乡下处理丧事。他告诉我，晚上要晚些时候才能回到市内。 本来打算晚上要请他一起吃晚饭的，既然他不在城里，只好自己在市内遛跶。 车站西面的北大路正在施工，交通十分混乱。 在广西大学附近的长途汽车售票处我先购买了第二天早上720第一班去东兴市的班车车票。然后在附近吃了晚饭。 在街上闲逛了一气，已经是晚上8点多，小梁来电话说他已经往回赶，40分钟后到达市内，于是我也乘车赶往他居住的广西民族学院，在那里见到了这位结识许久却素未谋面的南国的朋友。 简单交流后，他把办好的护照交给我，因为时间太晚，他又父丧在身，于是匆匆告别，我乘坐晚上最后一趟公交车赶往江南长途客运站，在车站附近找了一家旅馆安顿下来，一夜无话。9月22日 从南宁到下龙湾挨宰的经历 早上6点起来，洗漱完毕，走出旅馆，准备坐7点20的大巴去东兴。 西部就是天亮的晚，快7点了，天还确黑。 车站门口有卖快餐的，是南宁市政府的阳光早餐工程，看起来不错。我在这里买了一杯热粥和一个面包。 走进车站，车站很豪华，很气派。 深夜在线福利视频的大巴 大巴正点出发。天气晴好，南宁的民居很漂亮。不过我看不明白是不是统一开发建设的，因为同一栋楼，结构和颜色都不一样。 这是别墅区 和东北的黑土地不一样，这里是红色的土壤。 大巴在防城市略作停留快到东兴时，一个旅游度假区的大门口 10点15分，大巴到达东兴。从车站看出去，这里的房子更漂亮，也更有特点。后来，我在越南看到了大量的这种高高瘦瘦的漂亮房子。 车站里的提示牌，据说有人到这边旅游，因为没办护照，有人说能带他们过越南去玩。结果，带过去后，那些人就勾结越南的边防把他们扣住，说他们偷渡，然后勒索好几万块钱再放人。也有的勾结越方商店进行购物诈骗，这样的事情多了，公安局就出了这样的告示。 来到车站外面，有好多摩托仔过来拉客，因为我知道车站离口岸并不远，只有2公里左右，原来计划就是走着去，所以拒绝了摩托仔，背起大包向前走去。 其实，从车站到口岸也有市内公交车，很方便。这是公交车站的线路图 在一个陌生的城市，如果有时间，我更愿意自己走。今天东兴天气晴好，虽然温度稍高，有点晒，不过也就33度左右，感觉还可以忍受。天气晴好的好处是风景看起来很漂亮。 东兴作为一个边境小城，这些年借助边贸优势富了起来，所以城市建设的也很漂亮 这是东兴街心广场和周边建筑 东兴四周也有很多旅游景点，只是出国心切，我没功夫去游览了。 国门这里有一座大清国的界碑，立此存照 来到国门大厅，竟然要收10元钱门票钱，真是生财有道。门口收了10元钱，给了一张彩印门票，我接过来，还没看清楚，就被两步之外闸口处的人收走了。 出境必须先填写出入境登记表。可关口竟然连支笔都不给准备，真是让人无话可说。 但我早有准备，入关之前，为了填表，我特意把写字笔找了出来，可这时候，那支笔却说什么也找不到了，真是莫名其妙。好在我这次准备了两只笔，找出另一支笔，填写表格。 出入境表上都是越文和英文，很多人无所适从，只好让人代添，关口有许多人做这笔生意，有人请人填表甚至花了50元的高价，至少好像也要20元，我对此早有准备，在网上已经下载了相应表格填过，现在照猫画虎，添上即可。 走出中国海关大楼，就是横跨北仑河的友谊大桥，据说当年中越战争时，这个桥曾被炸得支离破碎，后被中方修复。界河桥上有一条白线，这就是国境线，对面就是越南的出入境大厅。 进入大厅，越南关口人员倒是很客气，也许是看我年龄较大，也没为难，还笑着教了我两句越南话。到了健康检查窗口，里面一个女的畏畏缩缩地拿出那个桔黄色的健康证问我有没有，我说，你们领事馆说已经不用了。她看我明白，知道没办法敲诈，就说那交一元钱吧，于是我交上一元钱，她又撕给我一张2000越南盾的收据（合人民币8角），于是到下一关，物品检查，门口那个越南兵翻了翻我的大包，问我，来旅游？我说，是的，来看看你们美丽的国家。于是，他停止检查，让我入关。 这样，2009年9月22日北京时间10点50分，我已经顺利入关，来到了越南的国土上。 在这里，我把手表拨慢一个小时，变成河内时间9点50分。 提醒要去的朋友越南入境表上三联,都必须填好,交给越南海关后,退回一联,要保存好,等回国出境时要查看,据说弄丢要被罚款!陆路需要,飞机不用! 海关外面就是越南的芒街，又有摩托仔过来拉客，我拒绝了他的纠缠，走了不到500米，就来到了芒街市中心邮局。 芒街原本只是个边陲小镇，归广宁省所辖下，属海宁县。中越战争期间，据说曾多次变为平地。中越建交之后，芒街就凭借着独特的地理位置，成了一个重要的贸易集散地，越南政府曾将芒街划为特别经济区，亨受特殊政策，并于1998年10月设市，但仍归广宁省管辖。现在芒街不仅是贸易集散地，也成了旅游集散地，经济自然更加繁荣了。 按照攻略，先到邮局对面找坐在那里的一排中年妇女换汇。我问一个换汇的老太太，什么汇率，她说2660，就是一元钱人民币换2660越南盾，我一听，这个汇率可以啊，因为来之前我在网上查询，汇率从来没超过2600，所以也没再讨价还价，先换了1000元人民币。 换完钱，手里一下子有了266万越南盾，这下子咱也成了百万富翁了。其实这个百万富翁也没有什么可以高兴，因为以后几天我发现，当你每天动辄就花掉十几万乃至几十万时，百万富翁也当不了几天。 手里有钱，心里不慌，下一步是按计划去找去下龙湾的车。后来我才搞清楚，一公里外的市里长途汽车站有很多去下龙湾的车，可当时我不知道，只知道在邮局对面的市场可以找到去下龙湾的车，我来到市场，看一个车上放着BAICHAY的牌子，我知道这就是去下龙湾的，问司机“包纽点”（多少钱），他告诉我150千（越南盾），我隐约记得芒街到下龙湾是50千越南盾，于是我说“来特呱”（太贵了），后来他要66千，我坚持50千，后来他同意了，于是我在越南人的漫天要价面前取得了第一回合的胜利。 在越南，长期以来，和深夜在线福利视频当年没改革开放前一样，所有成人深夜福利视频价格实行国人和外宾双轨制，外宾价格通常高出一倍，小贩和其他成人深夜福利视频价格也是一样，漫天要价，高出1-2倍是最经常的行情。 这一点最让入境的外国人反感。因此去越南旅游，一个必须修炼的功夫就是在砍价上与当地人斗智斗勇，一不小心就要当冤大头。从芒街到下龙，180公里，我花了50千（不到20元，实在是太便宜了，以至于我砍价砍的都有些不好意思），可许多人都花了几十元，甚至100元人民币，因为刚到越南不懂行情，所以常常挨宰。([]
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傅紫玲忘不了这淳朴的笑容，忘不了这壮丽的景色，忘不了路上的艰辛，忘不了每天的发现，深夜在线福利视频，洗玛之队，追寻雪山的脚步永不停歇！ 洗玛之队的最终行程：D1，(9月27号）拉萨--环羊湖东南岸--普姆雍措--推瓦村D2，(9月28号）推瓦村--普姆雍措东南岸--普南冰川--康马D3，(9月29号）康马--冲巴雍措--多情措--吉汝村--岗巴D4，(9月30号）岗巴--曲登尼玛寺--神湖--岗巴D5，(10月1号）岗巴--牧村土林--宗错--定结湿地--新定日D6，(10月2号）新定日--定日--曲当D7，(10月3号）曲当--热布村--徒步--晓乌措营地D8，(10月4号）晓乌措营地--徒步--晓乌拉垭口--卓湘营地D9，(10月5号）卓湘营地--徒步--夏浓营地--汤湘观景台--汤湘营地D10，(10月6号）汤湘营地--徒步--措学仁玛D11，(10月7号）措学仁玛--徒步--朗玛拉垭口--拉则措--轮朱林村--曲当D12，(10月8号）曲当-新定日--岗嘎D13，(10月9号）岗嘎--拉龙拉垭口--通拉山口--聂拉木D14，(10月10号）聂拉木--雄鹰雪山观景台--欧日村--聂拉木D15，(10月11号）聂拉木--通拉山口--西夏检查站--佩枯措--恰门巴村D16，(10月12号）恰门巴村D17，(10月13号）恰门巴村--孔塘拉姆山口--吉隆县--热玛村--热玛营地--吉隆D18，(10月14号）吉隆--岗嘎D19，(10月15号）岗嘎--日喀则D20，(10月16号）日喀则--拉萨（原计划中绒辖沟行程因绒辖沟不开放，放弃。吉隆沟3日游因大雪，放弃。） 本日要点：相比通常的羊湖线路，羊湖东南岸的线路更加安静，没有大量的旅游车辆，没有收费站，没有限速，油路！羊湖就在你的身旁。普莫雍措的美丽毋容置疑，推瓦村是摄影爱好者的天堂，无论是雪山湖泊， 日落日出，还是银河星空你有太多的材可以拍摄。库拉岗日到不丹边境的喜马拉雅雪山群整齐的排列在普莫雍措东南岸，推瓦村的银河及星空是此次行程中最绚烂的夜空，没有之一。推瓦村里有藏民家庭可以住宿，最佳住宿地是湖边的推瓦村村委会。 洗玛之队环羊湖东南岸轨迹图 贡嘎普曲河谷-从岗堆村到加若拉山口的路景加若拉山口北麓的村庄-普努村站在海拔4700m的加若拉山口北望，可见远处的念青唐古拉的雪山；东南的远处山峦间，拉轨岗日的雪山群-乃钦康桑和卡鲁雪山冒着头下了山口，蔚蓝的羊湖出现了 山下是羊湖东南岸的村庄格希村格希村 格希村离平时深夜在线福利视频从冈巴拉山口下的羊湖边村庄-扎玛龙村只有15km路程画面左侧远处的雪山是拉轨岗日的雪山卓木喀拉。其实深夜在线福利视频去西藏游玩过的都在卓木喀拉山边绕过。G318从拉萨出发时，卓木喀拉一直在视野里，过了曲水三十多公里，在日喀则仁布县帕当乡，卓木喀拉就在G318公路左侧的雅江对岸。下图为G318边的卓木喀拉格希村羊湖边的卓木喀拉雪山辨识 羊湖边的一群全景接图离开格希村，沿着湖岸往吉琼村，湖边有片美丽的湿地 吉琼村，丰收的景象吉琼村看的到乃钦康桑雪山（宁金抗沙雪山） 离开吉琼村后道路离开了湖岸，翻越觉贡拉山口后羊湖又出现在不远处。山下是东拉乡贡嘎村贡嘎村过了岗巴村，一直到羊湖最东端的张达乡，路基本是沿着羊湖岸边行进 不远处延伸到湖中有个小山上有个寺庙，东拉乡日托寺翻越一个小山口-达隆拉山口后就是张达乡 我们在张达乡的藏茶馆用了午餐 张达乡的藏茶馆的午餐 藏区的传说里，十二丹玛是分布于藏区的地方神，藏语称“丹玛久妮”。她们都是莲花生大师收服守护雪域佛法的女神。其中，举着一根长矛和拿着绳套，骑着一匹骡子的蓝色魔女叫多结盖杰左，她就是羊卓雍错的女神。这幅壁画应该保存在达隆的桑丁寺里，空母措边的一个寺庙三年前我曾臆想过环羊湖的路线，当时制作的地图如下（格希到岗堆的路是这次画上的，当时候不能确定可行）当时想象的环线是这样的：拉萨-曲水-冈巴拉山口-扎玛龙村-白地-叶色村-道布龙-浪卡子-打隆-多劫-特布拉-工布学-曲朵-张达-东拉-格希村-加若拉山口-岗堆-拉萨这次行走证明了环羊湖是很容易的事，特别是深夜在线福利视频这次行走的羊湖东南岸，已经大部分油路建设好了。 过了张达乡不久就正式绕到羊湖的南岸了。羊湖南岸的伦布雪乡附近的湖光山色： 翻过日拉山口不久就会看到羊湖的子湖巴纠错。日拉山口的羊湖景色：从日拉山口到特布拉山口的道路会从羊湖的子湖-巴纠错边经过。翻上特布拉山口，卡鲁雪山和乃钦康桑雪山的雪峰群伫立在羊湖的身后。 下山口是羊湖南岸村庄特布拉村，是个拥有无敌雪山湖景的富饶小村。环羊湖的同志们可以把此处当一个落脚点。 南岸的多劫乡 果拉勒乡羊湖最南端，可以看到乃钦康桑（宁金抗沙）的主峰 西行不多路就接上从浪卡子经达隆镇到洛扎的油路-浪洛公路 转过山口 普莫雍措就展现在眼前，海拔5000米的普莫雍措是西藏的圣湖，被称作为少女的眼泪， 从普莫雍措北岸观景台望去，蒙达岗日，卡热疆，库拉岗日，接响，抗沙等喜马拉雅群峰均可看见。 推瓦村的黄昏宁静而美丽，普莫雍措的星空如此灿烂。普莫雍错北岸的推瓦村，又称推村。推村有个寺庙叫推寺庙。深夜在线福利视频旅程的第一夜就在推寺边不远处的推瓦村居委会里度过的 普莫雍错以南的那些雪山：以下资料借用老皮的研究心得。（老皮一个酷爱喜马拉雅雪山的摄影爱好者。但奇怪的是他自称为横断山脉的追随者）普莫雍错南方的连绵雪山，除了左侧庞大的蒙达岗日属于北喜马拉雅的雪峰，其他都是大喜马拉雅的主脊线上的雪山。学术上的大喜马拉雅山脉的东段，就是从墨脱的南迦巴瓦峰向西延伸，经过错那，洛扎，康马一直到帕里的卓木拉日峰。大喜马拉雅东段雪山是这样分成若干段的：墨脱的南迦巴瓦雪山段【NAMCHA BARWA RANGE】,南伊沟到加玉乡的巴恰西仁雪山段【PACHAKSHIRI RANGE]，错那的康格多雪山段【KANGTO RANGE】，然后就是洛扎的库拉岗日雪山段【KUNLA KANGRI RANGE],普错对岸洛扎和康马边境处的鲁那拉雪山段【LUNALA RANGE】，库拉和鲁那拉背后的干卡本森雪山段【Gangkhar Puensum range】，康马到帕里的卓木拉日雪山段【CHOMOLHARI RANGE】。普莫雍错北岸看到的雪山，从左到右这样排列：北喜马拉雅的蒙达岗日雪山-大喜马拉雅的库拉岗日雪山群-大喜马拉雅的鲁娜拉雪山群（深夜在线福利视频称之为普南雪山） 【库拉岗日雪山 KUNLA GANGRI HIMAL】在普莫雍错湖北的观景台放眼望去，左侧的库拉岗日雪山傲然伫立。东卫峰卡热疆三峰，库拉岗日中央峰三峰，以及西峰群的接响、杠沙等雪峰一览无遗。甚至能清晰的看到库拉岗日主峰北坡的主冰川展窝卓果冰川。 库拉岗日的主要6K以上雪峰山峰数据如下：东峰过拉卡日6497m，康米岗日6412m（被蒙达岗日庞大山体遮挡，观景台处看不到）；东卫峰卡热疆III6820m，卡热疆II7216m，卡热疆I7221m；中央峰库拉岗日I7538m，库拉岗日II7418m，库拉岗日III7381m。以上诸峰，除了主峰西坡在中不两国争议区内，其他都在国境内。西峰群的数座6K雪峰，国境内的是6722m的杠沙峰，7776m的接响峰，争议区内的P6606，P6211，P7000数座无名雪峰均能在观景台处看见。库拉岗日雪山图解 【普南雪山】普南雪山，正式E文名为鲁那拉雪山 LUNALA HIMAL连绵80KM的普南雪山，在中国和不丹边境线上，是大喜马拉雅东段雪山的西端雪山群。区段划分为从康普沟（康普曲）以西，通玛关（toma la）以东的雪山段。该段雪山的北坡地区均为争议区，但实际为我方控制。绵长的普南雪山从东到西又分成三段。东段雪山在不丹叫平台雪山table mountion，主峰安比康雄（7100m），其他主要雪峰有7034m的增岗日zonpghu gang；中段叫康普岗，主峰7212m的康普岗（kangpu gang），主要雪峰有什磨日（jejekangphu7300m), 康普岗II 峰6945m；西段就是大名鼎鼎的40冰川所在的色略岗雪山（theri gang），主峰7202m的同山加布峰（日本人取的名字tongshanjiabu），在不丹称为teri 峰。很多游记上，包括GE的注上，有个卓木拉日岗或卓木拉日康Chomolhari Kang，那是GE的误，那其实应该是个小雪坡。([]
成人韩漫无遮羞动漫
张玉燕Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangMr YANG Liusong, a Chinese who just finished the first solo traverse over Chang Tang by cycling from west to east in recorded human history, shared his stunning Expedition with all of us through the forum 8264 https//bbs.8264.com/thread-512349-1-1.html . In order to share his legendary journey with those who cannot read Chinese, I translate his story to English here, which has been approved by Mr YANG Liusong. Hope you guys enjoy it.为了让杨同学的传奇能让全世界的驴友分享，俺决定把杨同学的帖子翻译成英文。为了避免麻烦，俺先来个免责声明：1。杨同学不认识俺，也没有授权俺，如果他说不要翻译了那俺就随时终止；2。俺没有商业目的，译版版权归杨同学，俺啥也不要，也不承担法律责任；3。没有杨同学授权，不敢擅自发在国外网站，发在原帖处，荣誉归8264；4。俺英语水平有限，欢迎指正，欢迎转贴。 Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangBy Yang LiusongIt has been three months since I traversed the unpopulated region in the Great Chang Tang. There are many like-minded asking me about it. I now present this thread to briefly tell everybody about my journey.The starting point of this traverse was from the highest peak of the western part of the Tibetan plateau, Jieshan Daban, and the day was April 20, 2010.I was heading eastward passing Bungdag Co, Yanghu Co, Rola Co, and Kangzhagri Mountain, which crossed over the desolate region from west to east. The journey continued northward to enter the unpopulated area of Altun Mountains, through Hoh Xil Mountains, Kunlun Mountains, Whale lake, ..., finally met some people by the Aqqikkol Hu and then arrived in Huatugou by vehicle three days later and that day was July 5. It had been 77 days in total. I had been all alone 74 days after leaving Jieshan Daban until arriving inAqqikkol Hu, which was about 1400km and about four months.[The Great Chang Tang] In Tibetan, "Chang Tang" means northern empty wilderness while narrowly, means unpopulated region in northern part of Tibet. However, it actually indiCATes all of the no man's land in northern. The great Chang Tang includes desolate places in Northern Tibet, Hoh Xil, Alun Mountains, and Kunlun Mountains, which are interconnected to form the unique and super empty wilderness in the world. Only because Hoh Xil is the most known name, most people just think this vast land is equivalent to Hoh Xil. In reality, Hoh Xil is only a small piece of the Great Chang Tang both administratively and geologically. The Great Chang Tang, the last land to chase your freedom and dream.The route that I traversed ForeplayI arrived in Tibet in the early March, a couple of troubles bothered me. The brand new plug got its positive and negative wrongly connected; the rivets of my rucksack eASIly got broken from now and again; and a multi-functional charger got damaged and so on. Riding my bike to Ngari for warming up of this journey, lost my rucksack but later got it back; lost my camera bag and got it back later again, and finally lost a big bicycle pannier in the street of Gyangze town under the eyes of police, including clothes, solar panel and so on.Without much choice, I returned to Lhasa to adjust all the stuff I would need in the wilderness. Then I begged some luck by going to Nyingchi to enjoy the blossoms of peach trees and to take a hot spring bath. I even had the privilege to enjoy time with ten girls in the hot spring. I felt my bad luck had all gone and then returned to Lhasa again to prepare going to Ngari. I did not expect that I was cheated on by some hustler and lost some money and delayed my schedule for a week. I had to find a car myself quickly to Nagri. However, I lost the tool for fast-parting my rear wheel on my way to Nagri, where was a remote area in Tibet and nowhere to buy the tool. Even if there was one in Lhasa it would take at least ten days for a special delivery service. I was lucky that my mate Duola asked a driver to bring the tool for me from Lhasa. I thought there should be no more nightmare like this but the nozzle of my brand new multi-fuel stove was broken. The next day I tried everywhere to weld them back together. The first three shops could not do the welding for copper. The fourth one said they could do it but could not guarantee a sUCCess. The engineer said it would be ten Chinese yuans if it was a success. I agreed. Just in seconds, my nozzle became crap in a flash of lightening. I was so upset. Again, Duola helped me by bringing her own MSR oil stove and Dingding's sleeping bag to Nagri. That was already April 16 and I did not have much time to waste. The following day I found a vehicle heading to Jieshan Daban.The sand storm over Yarlung Zangbo RiverA lonely peach tree blossoming in Yarlung Zangbo Grand CanyonNatural hot spring in wild, me singing and drinking (photo by a friend of mine) Day 1(April 20), 16km, Camping 5192mIt was a truck with a full load of iron wastes, arriving in Jieshan Daban at 6'o clock in the morning. It was still night and extremely cold and dark. Driver was not bothered to pop his head out of the driving cab. I climbed up on the top of the iron wastes, taking my bicycle down. In a hurry, I punched my old water bag. Fortunately I had another MSR water bag given by a friend of mine otherwise I would definitely fail without even starting my journey. For the first time for me to set up the brand new tent in strong, cold winds. It would be impossible to do so if the tent was not a whole piece. Extremely cold outside, about -15C, might be lower than that, I put my head into the sleeping bag but was nearly suffocated to death, honestly. The smell of Dingding's sleeping bag was, lol, so extraordinary. I woke up around 11 o'clock. There were still strong winds outside so that I had to use my bodyweight to keep the tent in place. At the time when I just started to cook and eat, four patrolling soldiers approached me. To their surprise someone, in this season, camped in Jieshan Daban. I was so nervous and afraid they were the people to block my journey because I was caught and deported from the desolate land last year. Luckily the four soldiers did not know my destination and were very kind to me. After they left, I immediately packed my stuff and pushed my bike into the depths of the unpopulated area just in case anything unexpected happened.The bike was very heavy due to the provisions and hard to control. There was even a quite small hill that I had to remove my bike panniers to get over it. This really struck me because this happened even the path was still the hardship one at the moment and I could not imagine what I would do once I entered the uncertain, endless wilderness. Until now I had not met anyone, even the nomadic pastoralists. I remembered there were quite a few of them roaming at the edge of the northern Tibetan plateau last year. All of these indicated it was not the good pasture season in such low temperature and strong winds. Around 16km there was a sheep cote, where I passed it last year, east of Lungmu Co. I was exhausted at this point so that I decided to camp in here and to rest my head. After arranging tent everything I went out to look for the wetland discovered by Duola and Liumeng last year. I was determined to find it.There were many hot springs in the wetland which were underground water with a constant temperature. The wetland therefore became an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such harsh weather, which was the very unique land feature of terrain in this over 5200m highland.Perpetual snow in the valley blown to corn shape by strong windsThis wetland was discovered by Duola and Liumeng. The workers at a nearby mine did not know it and I too missed it last yearUnderground water with a constant temperature, an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such icy weather 感谢大伙儿支持和加分，不一一回复了。特别感谢多啦，希望能有机会一起喝酒吃肉。 Day 2 (April 21), 0km, Camping5192mBlustering gale all night, up and down like ocean waves. The next day rather than continuing to travel, I stayed inside the sheep cote, hesitating and pondering over. Indeed, there were so many problems before this journey;I did not have sufficient physical preparation;the load had already reached its limitation; I still coughed a lot;the weather was so extreme and cold. All in all, I did not think this journey was well prepared and I did not have confidence in completing this journey mentally and physically. To do, or not to do, it was the question. Similarly I did not have confidence in my facilities, not knowing whether all of them would work functionally or not. The fact was one of the rivets got broken again and the front rack came loose. In the afternoon, I replaced all the rivets of the panniers with screws I had prepared before. This was an excellent job I had done which gave me no further troubles throughout my whole journey. I also re-adjusted the front rack. However I did not think it would definitely all right because I did not have a tool to do it. When the darkness descended,I made up my mind to continue my journey, which, of course, was not beyond any imagination. Orchid-like weedsSmall springs everywhere, clear and chillyA thin layer of ice covering the fresh spring water The sheep cote, it was the door under the sleeping bag, which was in the same place as last year, everything looked like yesterdayThe wetland at duskLungmu Co at dusk. You could hear the gigantic sound of wind if the picture had a sound Day 3 (April 22), 52.4km, Camping 5145mGot up in the morning, could not put everything into the bags. Without much choice I had to throw away three portions of tsampa, elbow pads, and crampons. Following the road of the lead-zinicmine I found the side path to enter the wilderness, which was on the riverbed and very hard to see. I missed this side path last year so that I had to take a short cut into the wilderness directly then. That was why I had taken extra care to find the side path. The following journey was to get over a big hill, which lay 5275m above sea level and was the highest point of my whole journey. Around 2 o'clock in the afternoon, I passed the side path leading to Orba Co and started a journey which was complete strange to me. I ate a piece of pilot breads, which was frozen like rocks so that I had to use my spade to crush it. At 6 o'clock in the evening, I had pushed plus rode my bicycle for about 32 km. I reckoned I should have been able to double this if I did no carry such heavy load. The wind became stronger and stronger. I opened the parasail kits and tested it. The result was far beyond what I expected. With the aid of the strong wind I was just like flying over the wilderness. After 8 o'clock in the evening, I started to observe the water Source and to get ready to camp. Map showed there were successive springs along the path and assembled to puddles. But I had overestimated the water source here in this land and in this season there were endless wilderness inside the valley, where I could not see a single drop of water. As it became darker and darker, I felt a little bit nervous which resulted in three spokes of the parasail broken and became a useless rubbish. Anyway, it helped me to move forward 20km more which benefited me a lot later on. When time approached 9.30 pm, it was almost completely dark. I had to lie my bike on the ground and went on to try to find water on the north side of the valley. This was a wide and flat sandy land, where I could not see any ditches there and further was complete darkness. I returned to get my GPS to look up the contours and found the south part of the valley was closer to a hill so I took the way. Finally I found a piece of ice in a ditch. I smashed about 20litre of ice. The ice was quite shallow scattered with sheep poo. On my way back, my eyes were hurt by strong winds, which got me a couple of days to recover. It was nearly 23 o'clock after I set up the tent. It also took about 40 mins to melt the ice. I was so tired and my appetite was completely spoiled. I then had a little bit of milk. I had never expected thing would go like this, it was so distressing. Streams along the path, ice everywhereThe river flew into Matou Hu, in whose north part there was a satellite lake, a wonderful ice-skating court It took 40mins to melt the ice in midnight Day 4 (April 23), 31km, Camping 5028mA cloudy day with gusts. From now and again, hails chased me from behind. Sunny spell. Heavy sandy land made me have to push my bike. At 3pm, I arrived at Luxing Hu, where there was a house made of clay. This was the last permanent building of my journey. Last year, Duola and Liumeng once lived in this house for three days without meeting anybody. It seemed it was the same but the truck parking in front of the house made me worry about. I went to the sheep cote first to check over, where there were only a few lambs following me everywhere I went later on. This made me feel warm in my heart. I observed farther places using my binoculars but could not see any people or sheeps. After making sure there were no people around I opened the locked door using a screwdriver. The living room was very clean. There were two boxes of beverages on the ground and a string of cured lamb legs hanging over in the interior room. A pot of water was on the top of the stove, lukewarm, which indicated the host must be not far away from his home. I filled up my water bag and left the house. I also put the screws back to the door in order not to leave any trace of my visiting. I then took a spanner from the toolbox of the truck, which gave me great help for the rest of the journey.I left the house as quickly as possible. After last year's experience, the nomadic pastoralists were the last people I wanted to meet. A few hundred meters away from the house, the vehicle traces were fading fast. Even downhill, I had to push rather than to ride because of the heavy loose sand. From the route point of view, only after Luxing Hu it was the real unpopulated land. After many days, I thought of the lamb legs from time to time. It was pity that I then had plenty of provisions and the bike was too heavy to carry anything more. Continue to melt the ice under the morning sunshine, all of the sheep poo had been removed carefullyCamping site, the little hill over there was the place where I got the ice last nightThe house by the Luxing Hu, empty, the last permanent building I saw throughout my journeyDay 5 (April 24), 19.8km, Camping 4951mSet off at 10.30 in the morning, the weather was similar to yesterday. Probably this road was the high plain or somewhere the wind passed so that it was so windy. The average wind speed was degree 6 but could reach degree 9 in the blick of an eye. The road was still full of sand and very heavy to walk on it. My eyes became worse under such harsh weather. About three o'clock in the afternoon, I saw something in my right, looked like antenna. I went closer to see what it was and found out it was an iron tower (the triangulation station). In 1970s, a joint team from Chinese three military regiments entered this area doing research. They have left a lot of triangulation stations and benchmarks, which I had the priviledge to see them today.At dusk, I approached to a spring by the Bungdag Co, which flew into the frozon lake. The sand and soil, brought by the strong wind, scattered on the surface of the ice all over the lake. There were so many cracks around the icey surface of the lake. I geussed it must be caused by the springs under the water rather than by melted ice. In the west of the Bungdag Co was the side path leading to Keriya Pass, where a SUV could reach directly. I had looked out any vehicle Tracks but failed. The cloudy sky started to snow. I set up the tent comfortably because I knew that I was safe having such a sweet spring beside me.Triangulation station erected by scientists from the joint research team on Chang Tang of three military regiments in 1971[size=+0]The gap between water and ice in Bungdag Co, I guessed there must be some springs under the lakeThe storm just above the ground, a chaotic darkness[size=+0]Icy Bungdag Co,one of the four biggest lakes in Northern Tibet, wild ducks flying over this vastness and lonenessSnowing at any time, should not happen so frequently like this in this seasonDay 6 (April 25), 4.3km, Camping 5002mWeathering landforms everywhere around this area. Spongy volcanic rocks could be found easily. I pushed my bike turning around a small hill, seeing a big river, the Yinshui He, flowing from Orba Co into Bungdag Co, which I had been to its upstream last year. It was also a passage for animal migration. The downstream of the river was extremely wide and broad. The thickess of the ice layer could reach one meter with the main stem in the middle course of the river, very deep. There were a few springs along the river, sweet and clear.I only went forward a little bit more than 4km but I had walked more than 20km for finding my way. It was not possible to cross the main stem, let alone the north bank of Bungdad Co. What I could only do was to try to find a shallow place to cross. But the southern area was a even larger piece of wetland and forced the road turn towards west. I spent a couple of hours but failed to find a good point to cross the river. In the afternoon, I decided to follow the edge of the wetland. When I reached the hill foot, the wetland finally disappeared. Around this area, there were clearly volcanic feature of terrain and I even found traces of pasturing and cairns made from volcanic rock.Here was the last pasturing trace I found throughout my journey, I guessed it was a summer pasture area. After this, there was no clear sign of human activities in this vast wilderness. I had been looking for my ways until it was dark. I made up my mind where to go TOMOrrow. The terrain here looked like Yardang landforms, as well as volcanic landforms The Yinshui He river from Orba CoSprings scattered all over the river bank, painted green by lovely algaeThe river was very deep. The mixture of green and amber colour showed the sand and mud carried by the melted iceThick layer of ice, sunken surface caused by strong gustsThe south course of the Yinshui He, countless small streams. To the right was the wetlandLooking for ways in the east, a trace of pasturing and the cairn made from spongy volcanic rocksMy camp, opposite to the hillDay 7 (April 26), 11km, Camping 5009mI moved forward to the direction I found yesterday, turning around the wetland and walking toward east. At 2pm, I was blocked by the zigzag Yinshui He again and I had no choice but to cross it. The river was about 700m wide, covered by ice which appeared very different. The hanging ice, the folding ice, the piling-up ice, the icy puddle, and the sleet were everywhere along the river bank. Having noticed all of these, I reckoned the river would be receding at dusk, which was why there were so many different shapes and forms of ice. I put my slipper on, going into the main stream of the river. I found there were at least three different courses of the river, the thickness of the surface ice varied and the river water reached above my knees. I sighed there would be no way back once I crossed this river. There are many ways in one's life too, you can only take it once and you will no long have the courage to repeat it.I pushed the bike crossing the river. Some of the ice was a bit soft, jamming the tyres so that I had to use my feet to break them first. Some of the ice was a bit thick but with half-melted underneath, sticking the the bike completely, some of the ice was half-water half-ice with a sandy riverbed, which was really hard to pass. I had to remove all of the panniers at the last stage of the crossing. I spent the whole four hours to cross the river, my legs got many bloody cuts. At 6pm, the surface ice was almost disappeared completely, the river level rapidly rising to a chaotic status. I thought if I hesitated a little bit at that time, I could not have the courage to cross this river under such circumstances. The river bank was unimaginably sandy and was quite steep. I had to unloaded the panniers again to reach the top of the bank. By the time of sunset, the weather became exceptionally good. The sunlight from the descending sun, the blue sky, the faint moon, .... I liked such a colorful and peaceful Chang Tang and very much enjoyed my camp and myself bathed in such beautiful colour.The ice like this was very thin and suspended, far away from the main stemHard surface with half-melted underneath, the soft sand at the botton was most scaryThe ice like this could easily jam the wheels, hard to get it outI had to unload the panniersChaotic water and terrible hails turned up in no timeThe Chang Tang at the moment liked it used to be,a mixture of cold and warm tones under the golden setting sun Day 8 (April 27), 14.6km, Camping 5112mLast night, I forgot to bring in the odometer, which was out of order due to the coldness in midnight. Since then I used GPS to check the mileage. The digital thermometer was no longer working. I had to use mercury thermometer to collect data. Night temperatures were basically between –15℃—–20℃ while the temperature inside my tent was about –10℃. The advantage of the integrated tent was that it limited the ventilation so to keep warm inside. However, it got clearly disadvantage of heavy condensation and dew. Every morning, there was plenty of frost inside the tent so that I had to put my hood on First Before fully getting dressed. The winds in Chang Tang finally became consistent with the pattern I had researched the other day no or very tiny wind in the morning, strong wind started after 2pm, and then at around 8pm its strength was reduced again. The accuracy of this prediction was about 80%.The road was very bad today. I walked whole afternoon in an ancient riverbed and it was so difficult that I had to use all of my strengths to move a small step forward and then to stop to breath, slower than a snail. After five hours' struggling, my eyes got wet when I saw the grassy river bank. Finally! The nightmare was over.Cold and clear morningHeavy morning condensation in the interior, a lot of frost to clearSuch dawning sunlight indicated a cloudy day ahead Day 9 (April 28), 18km, 5072mIn the morning I entered a range of sandy roads which were so terrible. The solar panel specially designed for GPS got short circuited. After checking it was found to be the diode got damaged. Luckily I got a replacement. Because the GPS was exclusively supplied by a solar panel so that it was no longer a problem for the power supplement of GPS. In a period of 70 days, I did replace the battery once, which saved me a lot of alkaline batteries. I did have another solar panel of 5.4 W which was used specifically for 7.5V Camera, DV and other digital facilities. Unlike water, I had never been short of power.At 7pm in the evening, I arrived at Pur Co. The surface of this lake was very odd the ice by the river bank rose and the river bank was broken, I reckoned that was due to the strong winds. The ice there was mingled with something yellow, could be the stain of alkali. There were many wild yaks on the other side of the lake. There could be two brown bears but I could not be for certain. On the east side of the lake, there was a peninsula leading to the centre of the lake. I camped just opposite to the peninsula. At night , I smashed the ice to get drinking water, which tasted alkali. For the first time I cooked the cereals, which was brought completely by accident. This was just because I found there was a little bit of extra space when I was in Nagri packing the stuff for this journey so that I bought two packs of cereals. It tasted disgusting, probably there was too much alkali in the water. I threw away half of it. Later I realised that probably I subconsciously felt that the provisions was so heavy. I would rather make it lighter at any cost.Dry all my stuff in the morning sun, a routine matterA faint dusk in Pur CoThe river bank pushed up by ice and opened like zipper by gustsThe pushed up surface of the iceThe place where I got my drinking water, a thin layer of ice behind the ablation corns The moment just before sun set, glittering Pur Co, nothing was the same差点儿没找到俺自己的帖子，原来变色了。多谢各位鼓励。 Day 10 (April 29), 16km, Camping 5141mIn the morning, I walked around the north bank of the Pur Co， where it were continuous ups and downs sprinkled with light yellow sprouts across the sparse grassland. The wild yaks clustered into small groups. All of a sudden, there was a group of five of them running towards me, blowing a huge cloud of dust with the power of thunderbolts,I believed that anyone who did not know the characters of the wild yaks must be frightened to death under such circumstances. The fact was the wild yaks in groups never injured people. Rushing to you just to show you its territory. When they approached people at certain distance, they would turn sharply and run away, and then stopped somewhere high to stare at you. You can not imagine that the wild yaks were very cautious animals compared with its almost one ton of weight. Their first reaction, when meeting people, was to raise their tails, the front hooves rubbing against the ground, the horns pointing forward, the eyes redden, and the long body hair shaking, all of which showed their determination to fight.This was the warning sign that you should retreat. However, you should realise that this was only a gesture that they were afraid of you and wanted to scare you away. The thing was that if you were not afraid of them and moved forward, they would run away in no time. There were only some mad yaks attacking people, which was really rare to happen. In Chang Tang, an experienced driver know that it is very dangerous to pass directly from two or three lonely wild yaks. They always tried to avoid confronting them directly. If this was not possible, they would lit a cigarette, smoking, to wait until the yaks walked away themselves. This was because the wild yaks really could attack vehicles, which was not completely rumors. I once asked them why I had not been attacked. They told me that because my bike was so small they would not be bothered to attack it. My own experience was that approaching a wild yak very slowly, do not look into its eyes, and ignored what it was doing. As long as it moved forward a little bit, just stop and give the yaks a little bit of time to think. Because if you forced the yak, it could be themost dangerous animal in the world and nothing could stop them killing. Even a gunshot could not kill it but only left a small hole in its skin. In the past, the nomads living near this land would use yaks' skin as chopping board which was very much endurable. At noon, I lost my balacLAVA, which was brand new and I had never used it once. I could not be bothered to go back tofind it. This resulted in that I had to have my fleece hat day and night in the rest of my journey, which did not provide fully protection from the sun in the plateau. But somehow I was all right, perhaps because my skin is similar to those of yaks, lol. At around half past one, I found a deserted Jeep, upside down. I felt it could be there for years and it could be the vehicle of someillegal HUNTERs. Nowadays, we have wildlife conservation reserves in Chang Tang and the animals here are well protected. However, some people kills the wild yaks to sell them as the domestic yak's meat. In general, it is worth 10,000 Chinese yuans for a single wild yak. Therefore many people take the risk to make money. They often enter the unpopulated areas to hunt and their activities can reach 200 km in diameter. This is why the wild yaks in the deep wilderness are less afraid of people than thoseat the boundaries of the Chang Tang region.There once happened that a wild yak mother revenged its baby's murder in the Altun mountains. Its horns pierced the killer's chest and held his body over its head for more than ten days, which was very touching.Around 3pm, I walked out of the Pur basin. The next point was Hong Shan Daban and then it was the Yueya Hu by the Toze Gangri. At this time I found a vehicle track from south to north. I checked over but could not find the way where they had gone. I took my map, GPS, and compass, climbing up a small hill to estimate the location of Hong Shan Daban. The mountain was very round and it was hard to find the mountain pass. After determining the location of the Daban, I moved straightforward. When I passed a messy grassland, I saw something that I was reluctant to see more than hundreds of wild yaks' head scattered all over, which was definitely the scene of the illegal hunting. After that it was a very long ancient river bed with soft sand slowly rising until the foot of the mountain.There are some spines on the surface of the tongues of wild yaks, which are used by nomads in this area as combs. They use them from their teens to the time when their hair becomes silver.The deserted Jeep, could be left by illegal hunters years agoThe slaughtered wild yaks with the wheel size heads. Some of the skulls were chopped into half. Why was that? Could be taken away for making combs?My camp at the foot of the Daban underthe lingering golden rays of the setting sun. Tomorrow's weather must be wonderful, I reckoned Day 11(April 30)， 20.4km, Camping 5120mThe surface of the road leading to Hong Shan Daban was very hard, most of them were small rocks, sort of gravels, plus a quite long downhill slope, I pushed my bike more than 20km for the first time after Luxing Hu. The mountain pass was quite flat, just like a broad ridge, it was 5256m above the sea level. Upon arriving at the pass, Toze Gangri of 6356m was in my sight clearly, very much round and there was no back bone like normal snow covered mountains. Most of the snow mountains in Chang Tang looked like this probably it was due to the geological movements. There were quite a few chirus or Tibetan antelopes in the valley but I was not interested in this kind of animals anymore after I witnessed a large scale of migration of such animals last year elsewhere.The herbivorous animals here are very quick to reach its original size of the population, such as wild yaks, chirus, Tibetan gazelle, pika, and marmot. When you go into the depths of the Chang Tang, you could hardly be surpised by the sudden appearance of the chirus because they are so common in here. At this time of year, the chirus have already male-female parted. You could see many pregnant female chirus but hardly see any males. According to recent research, Zonag Co is not the only lake for breeding. There are at least four of them in the whole Chang Tang. Zonag Co, Tuzi Hu, Heishi Beihu, and another lake I can not remember. I think there must be more than four of them and most of the populations do not migrant long way like most people used to think. They generally migrant from south to north between Central Mountains and Kunlun Mountains.The chirus looks very timid but are very curious about outside world. They are not really afraid of people, particularly in the depth of the Chang Tang. The nearest distance we can approach is about 30m. They just stare at you calmly and think who you are and why you move so slow. They would run in front of you. Look like they are afraid of you but the fact is they are playing with you. A man's own character shapes his fortune. This is of course suit for animals too. The chirus are the typical one. They have a super speed and a pair of sharp antlers. If they are crazy, three of them work together could easily kill a wolf. But as you might have known, their antlers are just for fighting to mate with females.Down the Daban there was a very steep and straight road, I tried to ride the bicycle but ended up with falling over. The front rack came loose and one of the pannier flew into valley. The foot of the mountain was the Yueya Hu covered by ice, which was alake full of heavy metal elements. Along the lake bank there were many stark rocks very much weathered, lining up just like castles or houses. This made me stop to investigate what they were from time to time, I did understand they were just rocks though but they were so real like the figures of real people. On of them even made me hide in a ditch, observing them again and again using my binoculars. There were also many black volcanic rocks. All in all, the features of this area were really unusual.Passed over the Yueya Hu, it was an endless ancient lake bed. What my GPS showed was this area was a big lake like tentacles. I looked around, it was endless wilderness without a piece of ice and a drop of water. Roughly, I estimated this lake bed was about 1200 square meters. I had to tell you that Chang Tang was a place where there was no high-resolution map. The marks in the map often were some kind of memory. Just like this ancient lake bed under my feet, may be it was full of water a few years ago. Who knows. Pushing the bike in such an endless lake bed was very easy to get lost. My mind was in a chaotic status too.The migration of the animals, photo taken last year The road rising up to the Daban, full of gravels, very hard, ideal for pushing your bikeThe Yueya Hu gazed at by the round and smooth Toze Gangri. At a glimpse, could you tell which was mountain, which was cloud?Ancient lake bed. The white stains were the alkali, look like ice. About wildlife (part 1)Declaration Personal experience for reference onlyDangerous wild animals and their threats to human beings are a ever-LASTING subject for those backpackers travelling in the wild.In Chang Tang, for example, there are two kinds of deadly animals, one is wolves and the other is brawn bears. As substitutes, wild yaks and crows might be dangerous to you in some circumstances that I will come back to this a little bit later on. As for how to protect yourself against these dangerous animals, I think the primary point is you do not try to hurt them because the emotions of human and animals are same instinctively. [Wolves]Throughout my journey, I met wolves a total of seven times, in which I confronted them five times. As you might have known that wolves have become more and more solitary animals, it is very rare they live in a large group nowadays. Please allow me off the point a little bit and talk about the ecological problems in Chang Tang. The problem is now not the decrease of the number of the chirus but the imbalance of the whole food chain, more specifically, the number of the animals on the higher trophic levels of the food chain has not yet reached its ideal level which results in this kind of imbalance. Particularly, the pikas and the marmots who have lost their predators rapidly expanse which results in the desertification of Chang Tang. As early as the middle of last century, wolves were the dominant predators in the vast wilderness. They became a threat not only to other preys but also nomads pasturing in this land. Therefore, the then government called on people to cull back the population of the wolves in Chang Tang, which resulted in the current situation directly. The last official record about wolves attacking humans was around 1970s, which happened in Bamaoqiongzong. A team of secientists was surrounded by a group of wolves and they had to shoot them using guns. Of course, at present in Chang Tang, wolves are absolutely lonely.In this traverse, the first time I encountered a pair of wolves, one of them staying in front of me pretending to attack me while the other staying behind me. This is the standard attacking strategy of wolves. First, you should not be nervous which can be easily detected by the predators. Second, you should not retreat even an inch because this means you are the prey rather than the predator. Do not make any large movement, of course you could take a picture if you feel safe to do so. You must look into its eyes for a few minutes or even half an hour. When the wolves can not work out who you are and consider you are not posing any danger to them, then they will leave. You should remember that wolves in this land do not lack of food and it is much easy for them to catch a pika than a human. Even if being hungry, they would evalsuate how easy to get you done, What you need to do is to show them that you are not interested in them and you are not afraid of them at all, let alone to show your ID card to them. As for the wolves family, really, I have not heard for ages. If you really have an encounter with them and they have no other choice, then it definitely depends on your forture. In fact, for so many year, it has been very rare to happen that wolves kill human. But the rumours are still there, in particular, the road connecting Xinjiang and Tibet.The nearest encounter with a wolf throughout my journey, no conflict at all[Brown Bears]Brown bears are real dangerous animals to human. Every year there are some accidents happened in some regions of Xinjiang on the north side of Kunkun Mountains and steppes in Northern Tibet. More than that the bears could attack your house, smash your windows, and eat your sheep. Therefore, in Northern Tibet some local councils give subsidies to the pastorarists for compensating the losses due to the bears because they are not allow to fight back and kill the bears except their lives are in great danger. Once there was a nomad taught me a method to protect yourself from bears. He told me to pick up a stick to feed the bear and the bear thinks the stick is your hand which tastes disgusting. So the bear would leave. It was so funny but the reality is to find a stick in this vast wilderness is just like you win the lottery.Bears are omonivorous animal who are generally not interested in human flesh. You can find that in most of accidents, the bears did not eat any of the human flesh rather they just smashed them for kind of fun that we could not understand. For the reason why bears kill human, one explanation is the conflict between human and wildlife in this extreme ecological environment. The nomads invade the habitats of the bears, which results in these conflicts. On the other hand, it might be because bears have quite high IQ so that they think it is much easy to kill a sheep in the cote rather than to kill a pika in the wild.I have met bears five times in my traverse, in two cases we were very close to each other. I had even walked with one of them for quite a while, just like we had a date for a walk. The fact is it is not that terrible like you might imagine. The same rules for dealing with wolves apply to bears. Never provoke dangerous animals. A bear can run at a speed of 40km/h, do you think you can compete this in a highland 5,000m above sea level?However, there is a situation where it is really dangerous, that is the encounter. It is not easy to control your instinctive reaction to the external dangers. Last year once I turned around a hill, there was a bear just in front of me. The bear of course was frightened by me with its front legs holding up, waving in the air and roaring. At that time I sat on the ground, ignoring it. The bear then left in a few minutes. Chang Tang is a vast land so that this is not that easy to happen. But if it does happen, really only God can bless you.The nearest encounter with a bear throughout my journey. This bear disappeared in a herd of wild yaks, which I had tried hard to spot, really weird About wildlife (part 2)Declaration personal experience for reference only.[Wild Yaks]I have talked about quite a few, like in the post of Day10. I will no longer talk about it.This was the funniest encounter with a solitary wild yak, who did not warn me. If I sat down, it sat down too. If I moved forward, it stopped. Could not imagine what it was thinking about.[Crows]Crows are dangerous only when you fall unconscious in the wilderness. Of course they will be the first to taste your flesh in that case. Unlike their cousinsliving in urban areas, the crows in Chang Tang have a larger body like eagles. When they fly over your head, you could feel like it is a piece of cloud. They are scavengers but like fresh meat too. It once happened that a baby was killed by crows relentlessly, let alone the lambs got killed by them. Once a nomad asked me for fireworks to scare the crows away. (They are sacred birds not to be killed by human)It is easy to defend yourself against crows, that is to keep fighting, never fall in the wilderness.A short break attracted the crows. Of course, they were miscalculating this time, photo taken last year[Strategies Adopted]At the time when I met the four soldiers in Jieshan Daban, they said there were many dangerous animals in the Northern Tibet and asked me if I had brought a shotgun. I think if they knew that I would enter Chang Tang they would definitely check if I really have a shotgun. The so-called defence facilities I brought with me were the fireworks and pepper spray. I had never used them. The fireworks were ruined and thrown away when I crossed a river and I had never opened the pepper spray. I even had never thought about this when camping in the night. The reason was I did not feel the needs. During the day time whenever I met any animals I had never touched the knife I had brought. I did not have anything to defend myself when I walked out to investigate the route. The Chang Tang is really a vast area so as to be very easy to detect anything strange.By the way, you'd better to avoid mating season's animals because even tamed rabbits could be aggressive in mating season.The thing is even if you have a gun, it is not very much helpful when bears attack you. Therefore, your attitude is most important.I can tell you something. Dogs are more dangerous than these wild animals. I had been chased by Tibetan dogs, pounced on by dogs in mating season, also besieged by a group of dogs. I really feel it is more useful to know how to defend a dog.Declaration again The above experience is from Chang Tang only. Of course, the more you prepared, the better. Day 12 (May 1), 23.8km, Camping 5117mToday was May 1 -- the Labour Day, I had been walking in some lake area marked in the map but clearly dried up. The lake basin was flat and hard so that I even pushed my bike more than 20km. Let it be the special treat for my May Day. After midday it became cloudy with growing winds. Since the Yueya Hu that I passed yesterday, there were no big lakes until Yanghu Co (My route would be between Jianshui Hu and Bairab Co), there was even no light alkaline water to drink so I had to pay extra attention not to miss any possible drinking water supply to fill up my water bag. There were a few very small lakes but all were alkaline puddles which was very shallow, whose depth was no more than the length of a half-finger. These puddles were covered with a hard shell of the mixture of salt and ice which smelled stinking and decaying when getting closer, must be toxic water I supposed. On the shore of this type of small lakes it was muddy soil and very hard to get closer.There was no sign of tundra at all.It was almost half past six when I found some snow corns in a ditch, which was the only drinking water supply of the day. There was a thin layer of melted ice on the surface of the ground near the snow corn, which was very hard to collect and was contaminated by the alkali. The snow corn was the yet melted thick snow, which was shaped like a corn by wind. The snow was quite hard and dry,porous like ice. I crushed a few snow corns, putting them into the water bag.They would be my drinking water tonight. These snow corns were the only one in today's wilderness, I reckoned the reason why they were not melted like others was the soil underneath contained large amount of ice blocks which acted as a freezer.Very strong gale in the night, it was hard to bear the sound of the vibration of the tent. Small single tent was good in the sense that it would not be blown away as long as you stayed inside. But you had to be very careful to set up the tent. I once did not pay much attention when doing so, the tent was blown away by winds, and rolling over like a Giant lantern ... I ran after it, got it back, and was exhausted. In general, it is not possible to fix the tent completely using tent pegs because they were not very much effective like large tents. It was snowing around 23 o'clock, the winds were howling from north,then the falling snow flakes landed on my tent quietly, I finally felt at peace and fell asleep. The flat ancient lake basin, assisting me walking more than 20kmSmall lake en route, toxic waterSnow corns, the only drinking water supply today Day 13 (May 2), 0km, Camping 5117mWaking up in the morning and opening the tent, the heavy snow outside must be sent by the God to force me have a break for the May Day. After lying in for a while, getting up and walking on the snowy ground out I went to have a look around. As first sight there were a herd of chirus. They were plainly to be spotted because they looked like a clear black straight line in the while snow. I returned to get my camera and then followed them to take some pictures. But they were very much alert and kept a quite long distance from me. I felt they were a group of pregnant females, instinctively protecting themselves from any potential harm. I was no longer short of water, the snow gave me a precious supply of drinking water. The problem was that they were very petrol consuming. I tool 8.6 litre of petrol and the oil stove was Duola's MSR. The pot was of 1.5 litre, mainly for boiling water. After several days' experiments, I found that the liquid water needed 16mins and 14-15mins to boil in the morning and evening, respectively. For ice, it would take 35-40mins while for snow it took 45-50mins. Melting snow was a very time and petrol consuming process so if I had a choice between snow and light alkaline water, most of time I would go with the latter. Lying inside the tent, listening to musics,I smoked a cigarette while gazing at the more and more chirus around me. Because it was very cold I had been wearing my shoes all the time. Now I just put my bare feet under the warm sun for some fresh air. I found three cuts in my hands and one in my sole. The cuts were about 4cm in length, looked terrible but it was actually all right really. Half of my toes were injured by to much walking, quite painful. I fetched my medicine bag and found I only got four patches of plasters, a serious mistake. One of the cuts in my hand had never been cured until I was out of this desolate land so as to feel like this finger would drop from my hand at any time. The others quickly recovered in a few days then new cuts appeared elsewhere. This process occurred periodically. I felt that it was somewhat related to the cold, dry weather and the lack of vitamins. The snow rapidly disappeared, which is unique phenomenon in Chang Tang. Because of the low air humidity and the high radiation from the sun, the snow was evaporating very fast, much quicker than the melting speed. Owing to this, the ground was generally still dry after the snow disappeared. In most cases, it would be only 2/5 left in the afternoon around 2 to 3 o'clock and small patches of ground could be seen. It would be completely all right for walking the next day. On the third day there could be some snow left in somewhere the sunlight hard to reach. So generally it could give you three days of water supply after a heavy snow like this. One of the pannier was broken, the most expensive one from deuter series, supposed to be waterproof. I will come back to it at some point later. Everything was covered by snow, no way out Lying in the middle of Chang Tang, listening to Tian Zhen's songs, and smoking Baisha cigarettes, what else can you ask for? The pregnant female chirus in migration, probably heading to Heishi Beihu to give birth([]
亚洲香蕉
刘均芳(本帖所有水下照片版权为猪娃蛋仔所有，独发8264，请勿转载！） 在印度尼西亚尼 苏拉威西岛的北角有一个著名的“海洋国家公园”， 叫本娜肯国家公园 （Bunaken National Park）。 相信潜水爱好者对“珊瑚三角带”一定很熟悉，而本娜肯就在珊瑚三角区域的中心*。*（珊瑚三角带：由马来西亚，印度尼西亚，巴布亚新几内亚，菲律宾，所罗门群岛，东帝汶所组成的海洋区域。 它被称为 “海洋里的亚马逊”，占据了五百七十万平方公里的海域，是全球海洋生物物种的中心。在这里有超过3000种的鱼类，500多种珊瑚，6大种海龟。） 本娜肯国家公园有超过390种珊瑚，这也提供了很多鱼类，贝类，爬行类，海洋哺乳类和软体动物栖息地。它包含900平方公里的海域，其中本娜肯岛就是深夜在线福利视频这次潜水的主要目的地。除了本娜肯岛，深夜在线福利视频这次也去了蓝碧海峡 （Lembeh Straits）玩垃圾潜水 （Muck Diving）,但是运气不好没有找到拟态章鱼，没关系以后还可以再去。 因为马来西亚，泰国，菲律宾目前都属于雨季，阳光不充足，也因为小编特立独行的个性，（别人去的地方我偏不去），所以诗巴丹，海豚湾，斯米兰，仙本娜可以以后再去。 自从今年初从书里认识了这个潜水圣地，小编可谓做足了准备：在新加坡凑齐了一身合适的潜水装备，还托朋友在日本专门买了佳能5D MARK III的SEA&SEA防水壳和照明配件；2个月前就买了机票，联系当地的潜水中心，预定了酒店的房间，一定要做到万无一失。 这10天的潜水带给我无限的乐趣，“和海龟一起潜行，从扳机鱼群中穿过，智斗八爪小章，水深40米沉船内寻宝，蓝碧海峡搜寻小生物，鼻腔血管爆裂”， 最后美景证明了一切都是值得的。 为了方便大家阅读，小编把此帖分成了3部分：装备篇；行程篇，摄影篇（珊瑚和鱼类科普）。1. 行程篇 ：https//bbs.8264.com/forum-redirect-goto-findpost-ptid-1884010-pid-35895318.html2. 装备篇 ：https//bbs.8264.com/forum-redirect-goto-findpost-ptid-1884010-pid-35951243.html3. 摄影篇 ：https//bbs.8264.com/forum-redirect-goto-findpost-ptid-1884010-pid-35964226.html行程篇：1 - 航班，机场，证信息 2 - 酒店，潜水中心信息 3 - 潜水准备和须知 4 - 本娜肯潜点特色介绍 5 - 蓝碧海峡潜点特色介绍 6 - 高地一日游 （火山 和 内陆湖） 7 - 离境 及 潜水总结第一天当然是坐飞机了，虽说印尼 Manado （万鸦老/美娜多） 属于东南亚北半球，但是飞行距离还是很长，差不多9000公里左右。小编选择的是新加坡航空公司的班机，从北京飞到新加坡樟宜机场，然后转机乘坐SILK AIR航空飞到美娜多，飞行时间一共是9个半小时。大家也可选择乘坐印尼鹰航，相对来讲会比较便宜，但是必须从雅加达转机，比较耽误时间。印尼是落地证，只要你的护照不是白本，几乎不可能拒。证费25美金，有效期30天。 美娜多的 Sam Ratulangi 国际机场不大，办理证，入关，提取行李用不了多久，但是入关时需要按手印提取指纹，只要从容地走程序，一切都不成问。（小编是第2次去印尼了，所以护照和指纹以留记录，就更方便了）。（图片来自网络）（图片来自网络）走出机场立刻就能看到司机举着我的姓名牌，握手寒暄之后，把行李搬上车就开始往酒店出发了。机场距离酒店大概有50分钟车程，小编这次选择的酒店和潜水中心不在市区，而是在西北角的WORI 区，能隔海遥望Bunaken本娜肯岛, Manado Tua美娜多二号岛 和 Siladen 西拉丹岛。来到酒店，没想到正赶上大装修，酒店大堂正在吊灯和添加内饰，中部的游泳池在扩建，小别墅区的VILLA HOUSE 也在加层翻新，难怪之前联系的时候说没有别墅房了，心里多少有些不爽。 登记的时候，前台小妹端来了迎宾果汁，哎！毫无添加剂，没有水的勾兑的味道啊！混合的苹果，橘子和牛油果的香味，现在回国也想试试自制一下。漫步在7公顷的绿茵地上，周围被椰树环绕，想到这几天能在这潜水，一种莫名的兴奋感油然而生。 (图片转自网络）左边的锥形火山是 Manado Tua, 右边的长条型岛就是 Bunaken.房间还算可以吧，该有的都有，不该有的也有。 我的单人间在三楼，可以俯视整个酒店，房间整体成白绿色，一天三潜之后躺在豪华大床上也能恢复体力。 独立空调，温度风速随你控制。 浴室24小时热水，只有淋浴，没有浴池，水量还是很大的，估计可能是离海一步之隔的原因吧，略有有一点咸味。 每间房都有落地窗大阳台，累的时候也可以坐在外面欣赏美景，感受海风。整栋楼都有无线WIFI，但是速度真的是不敢恭维，要不然我就全程直播每日行程了。电视里有很多国际频道，不过小编没有看电视的习惯，具体有没有中文台还真不清楚。最不爽的还是蚊子，热带雨林气候嘛也没办法，每天早晨成人深夜福利视频生打扫房间肯定要敞开门的，然后晚上就轮到我把它们挨个拍死，“哎，你不下地狱，还能是我下吗？”（图片转自网络）因为潜水日程是从第2天开始的，所以晚上也没什么事干，正好可以去泳池检查下相机潜水壳是否漏水。大泳池是正在装修扩建，不过还有一个小泳池，“没关系，只要有水就行！” 一开始检测当然不能放相机进去了，不然一旦漏水，连相机都遭殃了。 把机壳和闪光灯的O-Ring 分别图上一层硅油，检查封闭后下水，哦也！一切正常！把潜水壳放回房间后，就是拿上PADI AOW的潜水证，NITROX 富氧许可证和一大袋子的潜水装备赶往酒店的潜水中心登记。很多朋友都说自己潜过水，但是却是无证，我只能告诉你，你那是体验潜水，费用昂贵而且只能潜到10米左右，水下真正的美景你根本感受不到。还是考一个潜水证吧，初级的4天就完事了，小编的进阶潜水证也只用多出两天时间，之后就能潜到40米，还能学会简单的安全技巧和浮力掌握知识，你说值不值呢？ 所有潜水装备，除了潜水电脑，潜水手电和相机外，都可以存在潜水中心，每天管理人员会帮你运到船上，装上“压缩21%氧气含量的空气金属气罐”，清洗，晒干；你唯一需要做的就是出发前检查物件是否齐全，检查氧气气压是否达 200大气压。检查完潜水证，填完登记表后，（其实就是证明没有疾病之类的）我还在潜水中心借了两本鱼类科普画册，这几天学一学没有坏处，希望这次看到的鱼类都能叫出名字。因为要潜至少8天，每天至少3潜，所以尽量不要重复潜点，除非偶尔几个真的是非常美丽，值得再去。根据本人的潜水经验，一般早晨8点开始出发，所以尽量早起吃多一点自助早餐，保证一上午的能量供应。 一共两潜，潜点尽量安排在岛的东面，这样阳光可以斜射在珊瑚礁上，色彩会比较鲜艳，对于用鱼眼镜头拍摄大场面效果会非常好。中午12点回酒店，要立刻吃午餐。 下午2点出发，这时太阳已经开始西下，所以去岛的西边吧，可以换成准镜头拍摄鱼类。夜潜一般在6点，可以把潜点安排在水下沙地和珊瑚礁潜点，这时虾兵蟹将都出动了，拿上你的微距镜头，手电和摄影灯吧，小生物的特写全靠这些装备了。记住每次潜水之后都要休息至少一个小时让身体排出氮气，一般就是坐在船上瞎聊，这时可以提前准备一些零食，比如香蕉，茶水之类的。小编每个早晨出海都会灌一壶红糖姜茶，不但可以补充能量，还能让大脑兴奋起来。Bunaken 本娜肯潜水点Lembeh Straits 蓝碧海峡潜水点前5天差不多都是在本娜肯岛周围潜水，此岛非常特殊，海下四周都是深不见底的悬崖，所以WALL DIVE可算是全球闻名。小编几乎全程按照摄影计划实施，偶尔也会迁就同船的日本潜友，去一些他们喜欢的潜点。每一潜都会有潜导带队，没队最多3人，绝对可以照顾的过来。潜导们对这里非常熟悉，跟我说海底就是他们的家，在家里找到想找的东西易如反掌。潜水第一天：潜点1. BUNAKEN TIMUR； 下水时间 826 AM； 水下停留时间： 48分钟；最深：28米；铅块配重： 2KG;潜水类型： WALL DIVE; 相机镜头： 鱼眼； 水温：28度。随行队员及潜导，鱼眼仰拍。 效果：半个 Snell's window.潜点2. BORUR;下水时间：1020 AM; 水下停留时间：53分钟；最深：31米；铅块配重：2KG;潜水类型：WALL DIVE;相机镜头：鱼眼；水温：28度。各式各样的珊瑚潜点3. HOUSE Reef 下水时间：1415 PM; 水下停留时间：55分钟；最深：23米；铅块配重：2KG; 潜水类型： SANDY BOTTOM; 相机镜头：微距；水温： 28度。透明磷虾第2天： 潜点4： LIKUAN III; 下水时间： 8：20AM;水下停留时间： 61分钟；最深： 27米；配重：2KG;潜水类型：REEF DIVE & WALL DIVE相机镜头： 鱼眼；水温： 29度。俯拍海底潜点5. LIKUAN I下水时间： 10：30AM水下停留时间：60分钟；最深：27米；铅块配重：2KG;潜水类型：REEF DIVE&; WALL DIVE ;相机镜头：鱼眼； 水温：28度。小编水中自拍 （水下拿掉呼吸头是不正确的，因为拍摄需要这次特例，请勿模仿）潜点6 ：LIKUAN II下水时间： 1435PM水下停留时间：58分钟；最深：30米；铅块配重：2KG;潜水类型：REEF DIVE & WALL DIVE;相机镜头：鱼眼；水温：28度.红色扇珊瑚第三天潜点7. BLACK ROCK下水时间： 8：38AM水下停留时间：43分钟；最深：31米；铅块配重：2KG;潜水类型：SANDY BOTTOM & REEF DIVE ;相机镜头：鱼眼； 水温：29度。小丑鱼潜点8. MOLAS SHIP WRECH下水时间： 1030 AM水下停留时间：40分钟；最深：37米；铅块配重：2KG;潜水类型： WRECK DIVE;相机镜头：鱼眼； 水温：27度。此船为日本太平洋战争时被荷兰军队击沉的运输船，长60米，宽10米。船中物资上世纪80年代已被打捞一空，来此毫无危险。潜点9. KATRIN 下水时间： 18：18PM水下停留时间：62分钟；最深：21米；铅块配重：2KG;潜水类型： NIGHT DIVE & REEF DIVE;相机镜头：微距；水温：28度红色寄居小螃蟹第四天潜点10. SACHIKO POINT 下水时间： 8：30AM水下停留时间：55分钟；最深：29米；铅块配重：2KG;潜水类型： REEF DIVE & WALL DIVE;相机镜头：鱼眼；水温：28度玳瑁大海龟在休息潜点11. BANGO下水时间： 10：44AM水下停留时间：55分钟；最深：27米；铅块配重：2KG;潜水类型： REEF DIVE & WALL DIVE;相机镜头：鱼眼；水温：29度向我挺近的狮子鱼潜点12. BAHOWO下水时间： 1420PM水下停留时间：63分钟；最深：24米；铅块配重：2KG;潜水类型： SANDY BOTTOM;相机镜头：鱼眼；水温：28度小编水下自拍第五天潜点13. MUKA KAMPUNG下水时间： 8：30水下停留时间：58分钟；最深：30米；铅块配重：2KG;潜水类型： REEF DIVE & WALL DIVE;相机镜头：鱼眼；水温：28度水下20米左右的扇珊瑚，上方为潜导 JIEN.潜点14. TIMUR BORUR下水时间： 1020AM水下停留时间：55分钟；最深：27米；铅块配重：2KG;潜水类型：REEF DIVE & WALL DIVE;相机镜头：鱼眼；水温：28度SNELL'S WINDOW潜点15 GABET下水时间：14：18PM 水下停留时间：65分钟；最深：19米；铅块配重：2KG;潜水类型：REEF DIVE & SANDY BOTTOM ;相机镜头：鱼眼；水温：28度潜导 JIEN 勇斗 八爪小章鱼！第六天潜点16：SILADEN TIMUR 下水时间： 8：35AM水下停留时间：63分钟；最深：23米；铅块配重：2KG; 潜水类型：WALL DIVE & MACRO DIVE;相机镜头：微距；水温：29度小海兔！ （这一天都在拍微距小动物，为的就是转天的 蓝碧海峡积累经验！）潜点17. TIMUR下水时间： 1040AM水下停留时间：55分钟；最深：27米；铅块配重：2KG;潜水类型：WALL DIVE & MACRO DIVE ;相机镜头：微距；水温：29度NIMO!潜点18. ENGINE POINT下水时间：14：22PM 水下停留时间：58分钟；最深：24米；铅块配重：2KG;潜水类型：SANDY BOTTOM & MACRO DIVE ;相机镜头：微距；水温：28度蓝色海鳗第7天： 蓝碧海峡 - 车程2小时，一早吃完早餐， 8点出发，10点多一点到达，车上拉着10个气罐和3个人的潜水装备。 因为是MUCK DIVING, 所以小编只准备了微距镜头。 此行的目的是拍到拟态章鱼（MIMIC OCTOPUS)和侏儒海马 （PYGMY SEAHORSE)。 今天让我感觉到了什么叫“人算不如天算”， 悲催的小编第一潜，到水里后才发现闪光灯的电量居然不够了！！！ 尼玛！！！ 虽然带了备用电池，但是也没法在水下换啊！ 拍出来的照片黑暗无比，28米的深度，当时就算调高了ISO也无济于事，侏儒海马算是拍不成了，只能观赏了，旁边几个老外还对我报以怀疑的眼神，好像在问：“你丫的拿了这么大个相机怎么不闪呢？ 怎么不拍呢？ 不会是来装样子的吧!?” 当时我恨不得找个洞钻进去，想想还是算了，调高了ISO往上走走吧，在水浅的地方阳光还算充足，可以拍了！潜点19. MAGIC ROCK下水时间： 1100AM水下停留时间：51分钟；最深：29米；铅块配重：2KG;潜水类型：MUCK DIVE & MACRO DIVE ;相机镜头：微距；水温：27度红毛猩猩蟹第二潜换上了新电池，闪光灯还是给力了，但是依旧不见 拟态章鱼的身影，难到真的找不到了吗？ 寄希望于最后一潜。潜点20. TK III下水时间：13：00 水下停留时间：62分钟；最深：25米；铅块配重：2KG;潜水类型：MUCK DIVE & MACRO DIVE ;相机镜头：微距；水温：28度箭猪河豚吃完船餐后，深夜在线福利视频祈祷能够找到拟态章鱼，我跟潜导请求，这次我想一直潜到 20大气压才上来 5米3分钟停留，可不可以？ 没想到潜导居然答应了，跟我说只要控制好呼吸，深夜在线福利视频能水下停留个80分钟没问。因为太心急，我入水以后迅速下沉，结果没有及时中和耳腔压力，当我开始捏着鼻子顶气时已为时太晚，因为用力过猛，竟然鼻腔的毛细血管爆裂了！！？？ 哥忍着剧痛竟然坚持了75分钟， 奇迹啊。潜点21. JAHIR 下水时间：15：40PM水下停留时间：75分钟；最深：21米；铅块配重：2KG;潜水类型：MUCK DIVE & MACRO DIVE ;相机镜头：微距；水温：27度好像叫 DEVIL FISH蓝碧海峡不愧是世界第一 MUCK DIVE 潜点，奇特的生物数不过来，来这边潜水的欧洲人实在太多了，海峡两边也有很多潜水中心，下次打算再来一趟，带个3-4天一定要拍到拟态章鱼，侏儒海马和麒麟鱼。其他海量蓝碧微距照片，小编会在第三部分摄影篇发出请大家关注。第8天 潜点22. LIKUAN II 下水时间： 8：30AM水下停留时间：54分钟；最深：29米；铅块配重：2KG;潜水类型：REEF DIVE & WALL DIVE ;相机镜头：鱼眼；水温：28度群鱼乱舞([]
2021年av乱码
郭初新〖前言〗2013年8月7日上午，肯尼亚首都内罗毕乔默-肯雅塔国际机场爆发大火，烧毁国际到达大厅，机场关闭。听闻这个消息时，深夜在线福利视频正在从安博塞利返回内罗比的路上。“既然机场关闭，深夜在线福利视频是不是可以晚回几天？正好可以再去一次马赛马拉！”得知这条坏消息，深夜在线福利视频的第一反应不是叹气，反倒有点幸灾乐祸。深夜在线福利视频在马赛马拉只呆了三天，三天的时间，对于辽阔无边的马赛马拉草原来说哪里足够，只觉意犹未尽，诸多遗憾。8月8日，按原计划下午深夜在线福利视频就将搭乘阿联酋航空返国。但一大早便得知消息，国际机场当天依旧关闭。清静和飞翔开始与旅行社及保险公司联系，75忙着联系更便宜的酒店，因为十有八九深夜在线福利视频这天是无法离开了。走不了，但也去不了马赛马拉，因为正值马赛马拉的旺季，如果没有提前几个月预订住宿，根本是一房难求。午饭后，深夜在线福利视频兵分两路：大部队去机场确认航班消息，我和蟋蟀头及75去希尔顿酒店预订当晚的住宿。因美亚保险认为机场火灾不在我们的保险范围之内，保险公司拒不承担深夜在线福利视频滞留的任何费用，所以深夜在线福利视频得找便宜一点的住宿。对于深夜在线福利视频这类出行常住青旅或家庭旅馆的驴友来说，希尔顿这样的五星级酒店向来不在考虑之内。但，这是在内罗毕，深夜在线福利视频必须为自己选择一个安全的酒店。而安全，往往则意味着昂贵。在希尔顿订好住宿后，深夜在线福利视频三人赶到机场与大部队汇合。机场区的空气里依旧弥漫着一股浓烈的焦味，国际航班抵达区的建筑被浓烟熏黑，且部分坍塌。此情此景，惨不忍睹。对于深夜在线福利视频这些滞留的客人将如何处置，机场与阿联酋航空没有任何表态。我们一无所获地离开机场，回到希尔顿。200美元/晚的住宿费，除了安全，我们并没得到更多。房间又小又旧，似乎连如家也不如，晚餐的费用又高得离谱，大家再也没有玩的心情，只一门心思想着回去。8月9日，一大早check out后赶到机场，机场早已是人潮汹涌，混乱不堪。我们挤在一个小通道处，在长不到十米的通道排了两三个小时，才总算安检完进入check-in大厅。原以为进去后便诸事大吉，谁知那只是等待的开始。check-in大厅里早已挤得人满为患，但离开的人少，进来的人却在源源不断地增加。在阿联酋团队check-in的柜台前又排队两小时后，方得知阿联酋当天并没增加一个航班，这意味着7号8号未离开的旅客将继续滞留。满怀希望的人群一片哗然，开始躁动不安。阿联酋航空的工作人员站在柜台上讲话，让非当天机票的乘客离开，“NO！NO！”滞留的旅客，而且大多是中国游客，喊着统一的口号，表示抗议。这样的劝退与躁动发生几个回合后，驻内罗毕的中国大使馆人员赶到，人群爆发出一阵掌声，集体喊着“深夜在线福利视频要回家！深夜在线福利视频要回家！”这样的场面我从未经历，有点震惊，也有点感动。大使馆参赞与各团队的领队交流后，又与阿联酋的工作人员沟通。但那晚，深夜在线福利视频的等待并没有一个好的结束。八月的内罗毕，晚上凉风习习。机场上已搭了两天的帐篷，依然还在搭建中，黑人兄弟的工作效率，实在不能令人恭维。深夜在线福利视频一群人站在机场的一块空地上，讨论深夜在线福利视频的何去何从。讨论没有结果，唯一确定的是，先回酒店休息。在机场耗了一整天，大家都累了，身心俱疲。所幸的是，8月10日一大早，阿联酋航空便来电，要深夜在线福利视频赶紧去机场。这一天，机场的秩序明显比前一天好很多，深夜在线福利视频顺利地办完值机、通关、安检，直至坐到帐篷搭成的临时候机大厅时，心里才安定许多。心安之余，回想肯尼亚的这十多天旅程，只觉内心五味杂陈。原以为可以在肯尼亚无污染的大草原上畅快呼吸，享受天然氧吧，谁知灰尘铺天盖地，大家都用口罩或头巾捂着脸，每天回到房间都是蓬头垢面。原以为可以在内罗毕穿街走巷，享受逛街乐趣，谁知内罗毕安全堪忧，因抢劫时常发生，深夜在线福利视频所停留的地方，除了餐厅，就是酒店。原以为只要在对的时节到了马赛马拉，每天都可以欣赏到角马过河的壮观场景，谁知这其实非常靠运气。但不得不承认，近距离看动物是多么美好的一件事。优雅的长颈鹿、温顺的斑马、性感的猎豹、稳重的大象、猥琐的鬣狗、霸气十足的狮子。。。当曾在动物园里才能看到的动物，忽然在我周围自由行走、奔跑，那感觉真是无以伦比的美妙。特别是当狮子情侣含情脉脉地对望时，那一刻，我的心瞬间被打动，化得如水一般温柔。当然，更多的故事，更多的细节，还是请与我一起，走进肯尼亚。 D1（7-29）上海——迪拜——内罗毕4点钟，天未亮，整个城市还在沉睡中，我俩便拎着行李从家里出发了，去浦东机场与朋友们汇合。深夜在线福利视频将搭乘715的航班，经迪拜转机前往肯尼亚的首都内罗毕。在这之前，我只睡了3个小时。待飞机准时起飞时，我已进入沉沉的睡梦中。在梦中，我似乎进入了时光隧道，去往另一个不同维度的空间。但的确，那是另一个不同的国度，位于赤道上的东非国家——肯尼亚。抵达时，深夜在线福利视频的时针将往回拨5个小时。时光倒流，在抵达肯尼亚的那一刻，梦想成真。 内罗毕国际机场，号称是东非最大、也最繁忙的机场，但在深夜在线福利视频看来，小，且陈旧。繁忙却是真，当地时间傍晚19点过时，依然人流如潮，通关时，三四个关口处排着冗长的队伍。机场让人失望，但入住的酒店Crowne plaza却是当晚最大的惊喜了。出发之前，领队清静就说，肯尼亚的条件不太好， 即使五星级酒店，也不一定有wifi，也不保证有热水淋浴，千万不要用国内五星级酒店的准来衡量。所以，当我们走进酒店，便有人递上热毛巾和芒果汁，有人主动帮忙搬送行李，再到走进房间，眼前一亮，打开手机，免费联上wifi时，激动之情便难以言喻了。只是，酒店禁止吸烟，不仅只是酒店大堂等公共区域，所有房间都禁止抽烟。烟瘾难耐的蟋蟀头不甘心，让我打电话到前台，询问何处可以抽烟。话筒那边的声音，礼貌且明确：请下楼，走出酒店大门。如此严格的禁烟，是深夜在线福利视频意想不到的，更意想不到的是，酒店居然在门口设有安检，所有的行李都必须通过安检。当时虽觉奇怪，却并不太为意，只是在后来的行程中，才渐渐明了其中的原因所在。 D2（7-30）内罗毕——马赛马拉 早餐后，深夜在线福利视频便径直驱车离开酒店，没有在内罗毕作任何停留，直接驶向马赛马拉。座落在使馆区的Crowne plaza，似乎位于市区之外，仅几分钟而已，深夜在线福利视频便已远离内罗毕，行驶在两边是乡村或镇子的公路上。而内罗毕的真实面貌，尚未见识。 深夜在线福利视频团队20人，共租了六辆面包车，每辆车3-4人。我和蟋蟀头、龙之杰三人一辆。刚上车坐稳，蟋蟀头便要我和司机说，带深夜在线福利视频去买打火机。司机约瑟夫Joseph一口答应。一边开车，一边回过头说道：“no problem.” 刹车没踩，车速没减，还回过头来说话，他这个举动吓坏了我，赶紧说道：“别转头，别转头！”我的话音刚落，约瑟夫又把头转了回来，举着手里的香烟告诉深夜在线福利视频，“车里可以吸烟”。他这句话让蟋蟀头和龙之杰高兴不已，赶紧给约瑟夫递过去一支烟。因为，在这之前，我们的导游再三告诫，肯尼亚很多地方不能随便吸烟，比如公共场所、草原、车上。但刚出发，就有这样的破例，两个烟鬼当然兴奋不已。他俩兴奋，我却有另外的担忧。约瑟夫开车时只要说话，必定回头，这习惯令我最初非常担心行驶的安全问。但实际上，我当然是多虑了。黑人司机的脑袋后面似乎还长了另一双眼睛似的，他们即使回头说话，也能灵活地与对面的车辆擦肩而过。 9点过，深夜在线福利视频途中的第一次停车，杜导说，东非大裂谷到了。东非大裂谷，这条长度相当于地球周长1/6的大裂谷，是大陆上最大的断裂带。深陷的地沟，犹如地球的一道巨大伤疤。位于肯尼亚的裂谷，只是东非大裂谷的一部分。在裂谷地带，发现了距今已经有350万年的“能人”（从猿到人过渡阶段的人）遗骨，诸多考古发现证明东非大裂谷是人类文明最古老的发源地之一。在人类起源问上，很多科学家支持“非洲起源说”，即目前生活在世界各地的现代人类的祖先在大约20万年前起源于非洲，然后在距今10万年以内离开非洲，向亚洲和欧洲扩散。我们其实都是非洲后裔，你相信吗？maybe。但眼前的大裂谷，因为角度问，并不能让深夜在线福利视频感受到视觉上的震撼。眼见不一定为实，便是这个道理。在大裂谷观景点，蟋蟀头的最大收获，可能便是买到的两盒火柴。观景点旁边一个木雕礼品店，我问售货员是否有打火机出售？他摇头，然后从袋中掏出1盒火柴。我点点头，“这个也行。” 售价1美元，没有讨价还价。想再问他多买一盒，他跑去另一个房间，对另一个人叽叽咕咕一阵后，那个人不知从什么角落里又翻出一盒火柴。火柴难道是这里的稀缺货？我有点不明白。后来问约瑟夫，为何他们不卖打火机，只有火柴？他回答，因为打火机的气有伤身体，所以人们不爱用。真是这样吗？我半信半疑。 再一次停车时，正值中午时分，深夜在线福利视频停在一家酒店午餐。下了车，男人们除了抽烟，便是纷纷抢着与黑人兄弟合影。他们的心思谁都明白，无非是想彰显一下自己的皮肤有多白。蟋蟀头之前一直说自己晒得太黑，现在他终于心理平衡了。不仅不黑，而且看起来似乎太白了。 深夜在线福利视频的司机约瑟夫，英语说得比我溜。在曾经是英国殖民地的肯尼亚，英语是官方语言，课本全部是英语写成。所以，只要上过学读过书的肯尼亚人，都会说一口流利英语，而且还是英式口语。非洲是一夫多妻制，所以我很好奇，约瑟夫娶了几个妻子。当他回答我，没有结婚时，我大为诧异。再问他年龄，他告诉我，他43了。听闻他已43岁还没有结婚，我表示不相信。他淡淡地笑着，“结过婚，但现在离了。”后来聊起他的生意时，他才说，7～10月是肯尼亚的旺季，他几乎天天开车在外；即使淡季的时候，也是隔一周外出一周，聚少离多，所以就离婚了，而且没有儿女。现在正和一个中国女孩交往中。约瑟夫的坦诚相告，让我了解到现在的肯尼亚，城市中的男人们迫于经济上的压力，一夫多妻在减少，这种现象也许在农村会更为普遍。 午餐是自助餐。实际上，深夜在线福利视频在肯尼亚这一路上，在酒店都是自助餐，如果在草原上，就是酒店准备的餐盒。非洲的饮食比想像中好。午餐后，继续上路。路边的植物，开始变得奇奇怪怪。 初来乍到，沿途的所有风景都令深夜在线福利视频感觉新鲜，即使车没有停留片刻，我们手中的相机快门也没停歇过。在通往马赛马拉的前半段路程时，约瑟夫并不干涉深夜在线福利视频拍照，但后半段路经一些小镇时，他便严禁深夜在线福利视频拍照，“NO photo!”他说归说，深夜在线福利视频拍归拍，并不太理会他的干涉。但没想到，他神情更加严肃地阻止道：“这里不要拍照！如果你们再拍，街上的人会拿石子扔深夜在线福利视频的。”一边说，他一边晃着右臂，做出扔石子的举动。我看着路边的人们，他们中的有些人在深夜在线福利视频经过时还会向深夜在线福利视频挥挥手。我很难想像，如果我拍他们，下一刻，他就会捡起石头攻击深夜在线福利视频。但约瑟夫的严肃劲告诉我们，他不是在瞎编故事，他一定亲身经历过，他的车可能就被那些石子砸坏过。 越接近马赛马拉，灰尘越大。当车从公路转入土路时，灰尘已是铺天盖地，迎着车袭来。即使车窗全部摇紧，也丝毫无用，在剧烈的颠簸中，车窗很容易就被颠开一条缝，然后缝隙越来越大。车中，一股干燥而呛人的土味，弥散开来。我和蟋蟀头都戴上了口罩，但过不了太久，蟋蟀头还是把口罩摘到了一边，“太闷了，气也喘不过来的感觉”。约瑟夫果然不愧有15年的车龄，驾驶经验丰富，即使路烂到极点，车七摇八颠，他也几乎不减速。别小看他这辆破面包车，可是改装过的拥有四驱的面包车。真正是面包车的外型，越野车的本领。车虽然颠得厉害，但深夜在线福利视频还是睡着了。待再醒来时，蟋蟀头抹了下嘴巴，伸手向我要水喝，“我得喝口水把嘴里的土给咽下去。”他这话，把我刚喝进嘴里的水，差点喷出来。待深夜在线福利视频六辆车终于全部停下来，深夜在线福利视频可以下车透下风喘口气时，周围已是一片清新。“快看，那边的一群羚羊！”不知谁叫了一声，所有人的相机都对准了不远处草地上的一小群羚羊 。这是深夜在线福利视频在草原上第一次看到动物，难免兴奋。但在后面的几天，这样的羚羊随处可见时，大家也就习以为常了。毕竟，这是非洲大草原上最最常见的一种动物。 上车，继续向前。刚刚进入马赛马拉的深夜在线福利视频，新鲜、好奇、兴奋。显然，斑马比深夜在线福利视频淡定许多。七八月是马赛马拉的冬季，枯黄的草色，一片片地蔓延开来，羚羊开始随处可见。深夜在线福利视频的车停在了马赛村的门口。这些身披红布，手执一根木棒的男人，便是传说中连野兽也怕的骁勇善战的马赛人。我拿着一袋给小朋友们准备的棒棒糖跳下车，谁知，刚下车，这袋棒棒糖就几乎被这些男人们瓜分干净。去非洲之前，在书中了解到，马赛人不爱拍照，因为他们担心拍照会带走他们的灵魂。所以，我对去马赛村拍照心有顾忌。但是，这已不是一般的马赛村了，它已经商业化。早已见惯了各类游客，再加上我的棒棒糖，这些马赛男人都很乐意与我合影一张，即使把他们人手不离的木棒借我一用也是无所谓。 要识别马赛男人很容易，因为他们的装束很醒目：两块红底黑条或红底黑格的布，一块扎在腰上遮羞，一块披在肩上。马赛男人之所以喜欢身披红布，其实是为了吓跑狮子等野兽，保护他们赖以生存的牛群。随着时代的变迁，这块传统的红布不再是单一的红底黑条，也变换出多种样式，出现了黑条、黄条、蓝条或者黄格、蓝格，唯一不变的就是大红的底色。蟋蟀头提出要披一下他们身上的那块红布，那个马赛人立马答应，把自己身上的披风解下来，给蟋蟀头围上，再系个结，就OK了，穿戴十分容易。 这个说一口流利英语的马赛男人叫Peter，我注意到，甚至于他的装束都与其他马赛男人不一样。Peter指着距离深夜在线福利视频不远的一个小门说道：“请大家抓紧时间，赶紧过来吧，我们为你们准备了节目。”那个用树枝扎起来的拱形小门便是马赛村的入口，低矮的入口与他们修长的身材完全不符。深夜在线福利视频猜想是为防大型野兽进入才设计成这样的。参观马赛村并非免费，每人要收取35美元。这样一个自费项目让团队中的部分人有点犹豫不决，踌躇着是否要花200多人民币的门票去参观一个商业化的小村落。他们的犹而不决让Peter有点不耐烦了，大声地说道，“如果不参观村子，请不要再拍任何照片。”不能拍人，即使拍风景照也不行。最终，深夜在线福利视频的团队一分为二，一部分去参观马赛村，另一部分则直接去酒店。关于值得不值得，每个人的心里都有把秤，且准不一，难以评判。我只是认为，既然已到了别人家门口了，人都站门口欢迎深夜在线福利视频了，那就去吧，就算是一种礼仪。门票，就算是深夜在线福利视频登门拜访的一点礼金而已。去亲朋好友家串门做客，深夜在线福利视频还得拎点东西了，去别人村里作客送点礼品更是无可厚非。最重要的是，即使这已是一个对游客开放的马赛村，它也还是马赛村，是马赛人自己的家，而非一个临时搭建起来供游客参观的人工景点。跟着Peter进了马赛村。过那道拱门时，身材矮小如我，也得弯腰才能进入。村不大，零落地散着一些土坯砌成的房屋。低矮的土屋，与马赛人的身高同样不匹配。待我们一一进入，十几个马赛男人已经排成一排，准备为深夜在线福利视频跳“勇士之舞”。“勇士之舞”是马赛男人的传统舞蹈，在他们的哼唱中，一个接一个的马赛人开始立定跳高，跳完一轮，再来一轮。除了绷紧小腿，笔直地往上跳，勇士之舞没有更多动作，手上也不需要多余的比划，只要尽可能地跳得高些就行。这真是我所见过的最简单的舞蹈。但其实，跳得高，跑得快，历来就是马赛人对勇士的认定准，这其实也与他们的游牧习性相关。（拍摄者：蟋蟀头） 跳完舞，Peter开始为深夜在线福利视频介绍他们的村庄。Peter说，收来的门票钱是为六个村子的100多个孩子筹建学校而用。得知深夜在线福利视频每人交的35美元将用来建学校时，我心里顿时宽慰了许多。我问Peter，他为何会说英语？因为在我的想法里，以游牧为生的马赛部落，遵循传统生活方式的马赛人，一口流利的英语，似乎与他们完全沾不上边。Peter告诉我，他上过学。他竟然上过学？我有点吃惊。再问，村里有多少人上过学时，他平静地说道：“两个人。”另一个人，便是他的弟弟。“你是村长吗？”我问。能有这样特殊待遇的人，在我看来，必定是特权阶层。“NO。my father is chief.” 原来，他是酋长的儿子。Peter很得意地告诉我，他有10个老婆？十个老婆？！太让人吃惊了，他怎么顾得过来？“你结婚了吗？”这次轮到他向我提问了。“结婚了。”我指了指正在拍照的蟋蟀头。“不过，他只有我一个老婆。”我补充道。“你老婆向我提了这么多问，看来她爱上我了。要不，你把她让给我吧！”Peter开玩笑地和蟋蟀头说道。“NO。”蟋蟀头摇着头答道。但后来，他后悔了，和我说，“我应该假装答应他，再看他打算用多少头牛来换你，你就知道你值多少头牛了！”他刚一说完，便被我狠狠地掐了一下。不过，以畜牧为生的马赛人，的确是用牲畜作为娶亲的聘礼，据说十头牛就可以娶一个老婆。 接下来，Peter就要带深夜在线福利视频进屋去参观了。马赛人的房屋用泥土和牛龚搭建而成，屋顶则用茅草盖上。在马赛娶老婆，男人不用担心房子问，因为房屋都由老婆搭建，一个老婆一个屋子。门很小，依然只能弯腰进去。进去后是厅，除了一股难闻的骚味，小小的厅里什么也没有。如果要坐下来，对着门，靠墙的一侧有一条砌高的土堆，可以当沙发一用。而这难闻的味道，则来自牲畜。因为牲畜是马赛人的财产，有时晚上会让牛羊进屋，以防被野兽偷袭。所以，马赛人的房屋实际上是人畜共用，有股怪味也就在所难免了。侧面有个更小的门洞，钻进去，再向左转个弯，便是卧室了。这样的内部构造，其实是防止野兽或者敌人的贸然闯入。卧室小得可怜。靠右的地上用土稍微砌高点，再铺一些布，就是他们的床了。我有一个疑问，马赛人这么高的个子，这么短的床，岂不是从来都不能伸直腿睡觉？距离床边不到一米远的土灶，便是他们煮饭的地方。而墙上那个透着光亮的小洞，则是窗户。在我看来，说是窗户实在太不贴切，怎么看也只能说是个窗洞。在屋里生火煮东西，却只有这么小的两个窗孔换气，人住里面岂不要闷死？灯呢？屋里黑漆漆的一片，他们晚上用什么照明呢？杜导的解释是，马赛人的生活是日出而作，日落而息，天黑就睡觉了，根本用不着点灯。家徒四壁，马赛人的房屋真是把这个词解释得再透彻不过。（拍摄者：蟋蟀头）几个人挤在屋里，没呆多久，已觉缺氧，再加上屋内气味奇怪，我必须得出去透口气了。一出来，迎面便撞上一气质不凡的老者，他便是Peter的父亲——酋长大人。蟋蟀头按中国人的见面规矩，赶紧递上一支烟。老酋长把烟接过来，微笑不语。虽然他不会英语，深夜在线福利视频无法更多交流，但老酋长的确是给人一种大家长的感觉。 令人惊讶的是，马赛人至今沿袭万年前钻木取火的传统。两个人搭手。把一束枯草杆垫在地上，草杆上再放一个带孔的木块，一人用手按紧这个木块，不让它移动。另一人则用一根木棍穿过木块的孔眼，并两手合掌转动木棍。18秒的时候，开始有烟冒出，不到30秒，那束枯草杆已有些许火星。马赛人便把木棍和木块拿开，用手捧着枯草杆，用嘴对着火星开始吹。烟雾越来越大，直至那束枯草杆燃起了红色的火苗。钻木取火成功，全过程仅1分钟15秒。但我永远是那个“为什么小姐”，从小到大都是如此。我从蟋蟀头那里拿来一盒火柴，问Peter，“你们为何不用火柴呢？这个更方便快捷。”说完，我掏出一根火柴，准备示范给他看，让他知道现代文明的厉害。哪知，第一根火柴竟然没划燃；换一根火柴，不行；再换一根。连换几根火柴后，Peter笑了，我却万分沮丧，并且无从解释。也许，是神不想破坏马赛人对钻木取火的执着吧，想借马赛人将这古老的传统保持下去，以告诉后人，深夜在线福利视频人类曾经用这样的方式取火。令人啼笑皆非的是，随后Peter拿了一个带孔的木块问我，要不要买？而且开价不菲。 接着，女人们终于登场，为深夜在线福利视频表演唱歌。与马赛男人相比，女人的穿着就色彩丰富许多，而且身形相对肥胖，不知这是否与生育有关。 一夫多妻，全世界男人的梦想。不能一夫多妻，但至少可以与老婆们合个影。男队友们都纷纷跑过去与马赛女人合影，领队清静跑得最快，顺利拔得头筹，75次之，飞翔第三。只是，老婆们却越来越少。可怜的蟋蟀头，轮到他时，只剩三个马赛女人了。但他还是很开心，跟着马赛女人一起边唱边扭。她们唱的是马赛语，可蟋蟀头，你唱的又是什么呢？虽然是第四个上场，但明显他很受马赛女人的欢迎，一起唱歌，还一边有所交流。只是，你们在说什么呢？ 唱完几曲后，马赛女人们散去，Peter要继续带深夜在线福利视频去参观。他指着房屋后面草地上围成半圆形的货摊说，“This is our market.”货摊上的东西无非是一些手链、项链和木制工艺品。Peter指着手链和项链告诉我说：“这些都是深夜在线福利视频村里的女人做的。”然后指着木雕说，“这些都是深夜在线福利视频男人做的。”“卖这些东西的收入也将用来建深夜在线福利视频的学校。”看着这些做工粗糙，且大同小异的商品，这一次，我却有点怀疑了。真的是自己做的？真的会把钱用来建学校？无论如何，读过书的Peter已经不再是一个原始的马赛人了，也许，在他的意识里，早已植入了市场经济。不过后来再想想，即使这些收入不是用来建学校，而是用来改善他们的生活，也未尝不可。毕竟，他们的生活环境，真的不咋样。而事实上，随着时代的发展，旅游业的兴起，放牧早已不再是他们唯一的谋生手段。旅游收入，已经成为这些村庄重要的收入来源。([]
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